Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Risk factors for congenital hypothyroidism: results of a population case-control study (1997–2003)

2005; Oxford University Press; Volume: 153; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1530/eje.1.02048

1479-683X

Emanuela Medda, Antonella Olivieri, Maria Antonietta Stazi, M. E. Grandolfo, Cristina Fazzini, Mariangiola Baserga, M Burroni, E Cacciari, Francesca Calaciura, Alessandra Cassio, Luca Chiovato, Pietro Costa, Daniela Leonardi, Maria Martucci, L Moschini, Severo Pagliardini, Giuseppe Parlato, A Pignero, Aldo Pinchera, Danielle Sala, Lidia Sava, Vera Stoppioni, Francesco Tancredi, Fabiola Valentini, Riccardo Vigneri, M Sorcini,

Neonatal Respiratory Health Research

Objective : To identify risk factors for permanent and transient congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Design : A population-based case-control study was carried out by using the network created in Italy for the National Register of Infants with CH. Methods : Four controls were enrolled for each new CH infant; 173 cases and 690 controls were enrolled in 4 years. In order to distinguish among risk factors for permanent and transient CH, diagnosis was re-evaluated 3 years after enrolment when there was a suspicion of transient CH being present. Familial, maternal, neonatal and environmental influences were investigated. Results : An increased risk for permanent CH was detected in twins by a multivariate analysis (odds ratio (OR) = 12.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4–62.3). A statistically significant association with additional birth defects, female gender and gestational age >40 weeks was also confirmed. Although not significant, an increased risk of CH was observed among infants with a family history of thyroid diseases among parents (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 0.7–5.2). Maternal diabetes was also found to be slightly associated with permanent CH (OR = 15.7, 95% CI: 0.9–523) in infants who were large for gestational age. With regard to transient CH, intrauterine growth retardation and preterm delivery were independent risk factors for this form of CH. Conclusion : This study showed that many risk factors contribute to the aetiology of CH. In particular, our results suggested a multifactorial origin of CH in which genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of the disease.