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Recruitment of the autophagic machinery to endosomes during infection is mediated by ubiquitin

2013; Rockefeller University Press; Volume: 203; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1083/jcb.201304188

1540-8140

Naonobu Fujita, Eiji Morita, Takashi Itoh, Atsushi Tanaka, Megumi Nakaoka, Yuki Osada, Tetsuo Umemoto, Tatsuya Saitoh, Hitoshi Nakatogawa, Shouhei Kobayashi, Tokuko Haraguchi, Jun‐Lin Guan, Kazuhiro Iwaï, Fuminori Tokunaga, Kazunobu Saito, Koutaro Ishibashi, Shizuo Akira, Mitsunori Fukuda, Takeshi Noda, Tamotsu Yoshimori,

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease

Although ubiquitin is thought to be important for the autophagic sequestration of invading bacteria (also called xenophagy), its precise role remains largely enigmatic. Here we determined how ubiquitin is involved in this process. After invasion, ubiquitin is conjugated to host cellular proteins in endosomes that contain Salmonella or transfection reagent–coated latex (polystyrene) beads, which mimic invading bacteria. Ubiquitin is recognized by the autophagic machinery independently of the LC3–ubiquitin interaction through adaptor proteins, including a direct interaction between ubiquitin and Atg16L1. To ensure that invading pathogens are captured and degraded, Atg16L1 targeting is secured by two backup systems that anchor Atg16L1 to ubiquitin-decorated endosomes. Thus, we reveal that ubiquitin is a pivotal molecule that connects bacteria-containing endosomes with the autophagic machinery upstream of LC3.