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Urinary fumonisin B 1 and estimated fumonisin intake in women from high‐ and low‐exposure communities in G uatemala

2013; Wiley; Volume: 58; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/mnfr.201300481

1613-4133

Olga Torres, Jorge Matute, Janee Gelineau‐van Waes, Joyce R. Maddox, Simon G. Gregory, Allison E. Ashley‐Koch, Jency L. Showker, Nicholas C. Zitomer, Kenneth A. Voss, Ronald T. Riley,

Fungal Biology and Applications

Scope Fumonisin ( FB ) intake can be high when maize is a dietary staple. We determined (i) urinary FB ( UFB ) in women consuming maize in high‐ and low‐exposure communities in G uatemala, (ii) the FB levels in maize, (iii) the relationship between UFB and FB intake, and (iv) the relative excretion of UFB 1 , UFB 2 , and UFB 3 . Methods and results Urine and maize were analyzed for FB for 1 year in three departments. Maize consumption was estimated by an interview questionnaire. Fumonisin B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 ( FB 1 , FB 2 and FB 3 ), were detected in 100% of maize samples. FB 1 in maize and urine was significantly higher in J utiapa compared to C himaltenango or E scuintla. The FB intake paralleled UFB 1 in a dose‐dependent manner but UFB 1 was present in much higher levels than UFB 2 or UFB 3 compared to maize. Conclusion In Jutiapa, agroecological conditions favored FB production. UFB 1 mirrored the estimated FB intake. UFB 1 > 0.1 ng/mL resulted in a dose‐dependent increase in the risk of exceeding FB intake of 2 μg/kg b.w./day compared to women with no detectable UFB 1 . More than 50% exceeded 2 μg/kg b.w./day when UFB 1 was >0.5 ng/mL. UFB 2 and UFB 3 were rarely detected confirming that FB 1 is either absorbed better or preferentially excreted in urine.