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Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry of Drug Dependence: A Review

1989; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 44; Issue: 3-4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3109/00207458908986208

1563-5279

Eugene A. Kiyatkin,

Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology

To understand the neurophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms of drug dependence, the functional significance of dopamine, noradrenaline and endogenous opioid peptides in the mediation of natural, self-stimulation and pharmacological reinforcement are discussed. Data on search of system(s), mediator(s) and neurons of reinforcement as well as my own notions on reinforcement as a critical element in organization and regulation of the organism's adaptive activity in variable environments are presented. The role of chronic drug-induced stable modification of central neurochemical systems' functioning as a basis for the alteration of endogenous reinforcement processes and raising drug dependence are examined in detail for main addictive drugs, opiates and psychomotor stimulants.