Colouring ornamental fish ( Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus ) with microalgal biomass
2003; Wiley; Volume: 9; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1046/j.1365-2095.2003.00233.x
ISSN1365-2095
AutoresLuísa Gouveia, Paulo Rema, Oscar Alan Cristian Góngora Pereira, J. Empis,
Tópico(s)Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
ResumoAquaculture NutritionVolume 9, Issue 2 p. 123-129 Colouring ornamental fish (Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus) with microalgal biomass L. Gouveia, L. Gouveia Instituto Nacional de Engenharia e Tecnologia Industrial, INETI, DER. Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Edifício G, Lisboa, Portugal;Search for more papers by this authorP. Rema, P. Rema Departamento Zootecnia, Secção Piscicultura, Universidade de Trás-os- Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Apartado, Vila Real, Portugal;Search for more papers by this authorO. Pereira, O. Pereira Departamento Zootecnia, Secção Piscicultura, Universidade de Trás-os- Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Apartado, Vila Real, Portugal;Search for more papers by this authorJ. Empis, J. Empis Centro de Eng Biológica e Química, IST, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, PortugalSearch for more papers by this author L. Gouveia, L. Gouveia Instituto Nacional de Engenharia e Tecnologia Industrial, INETI, DER. Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Edifício G, Lisboa, Portugal;Search for more papers by this authorP. Rema, P. Rema Departamento Zootecnia, Secção Piscicultura, Universidade de Trás-os- Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Apartado, Vila Real, Portugal;Search for more papers by this authorO. Pereira, O. Pereira Departamento Zootecnia, Secção Piscicultura, Universidade de Trás-os- Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Apartado, Vila Real, Portugal;Search for more papers by this authorJ. Empis, J. Empis Centro de Eng Biológica e Química, IST, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, PortugalSearch for more papers by this author First published: 19 March 2003 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2095.2003.00233.xCitations: 121 Correspondence: L. Gouveia, Instituto Nacional de Engenharia e Tecnologia Industrial, INETI, DER. Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, No. 22, Edifício G, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected] Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract Koi carp and goldfish value increases with intensity of skin colour, which is an important quality criterion. Fish cannot fully synthesize their own carotenoid colourings and these must therefore be included in their diet. Two trials were undertaken to investigate skin colour enhancement in ornamental species (i.e. three chromatic varieties of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio), namely Kawari (red), Showa (black and red) and Bekko (black and white) and goldfish (Carassius auratus)) by feeding a dietary carotenoid supplement of freshwater microalgal biomass [Chlorella vulgaris, Haematococcus pluvialis, and also the cyanobacterium Arthrospira maxima (Spirulina)], using a diet containing synthetic astaxanthin and a control diet with no colouring added for comparison. In the first trial, five homogeneous duplicate groups of 25 juvenile koi carp (C. carpio) (initial mean body weight 24.6 ± 0.7 g) were fed, for 10 weeks, one of the four diets containing 80 mg colouring/kg diet. In the second trial, this procedure was repeated for five homogeneous duplicate groups of 25 goldfish (C. auratus) (initial mean body weight of 0.9 ± 0.1 g). Initial and final samples of skin along the dorsal fin were withdrawn, from five fish per group, for subsequent analysis of total carotenoid content (spectrophotometric analysis), and red hue (colorimetric analysis, CIE (1976) L* a* b* colour system). Growth and feed efficiency were not significantly different between groups administered by the various dietary treatments. In both trials, dietary carotenoid supplementation increased total skin carotenoid content. The more efficient colouring for koi carps was found to be C. vulgaris biomass, providing both maximum total carotenoid deposition and red hue for the three chromatic koi carp varieties studied, and particularly for the kawari variety. For goldfish the best colouring obtained, as ascertained by total carotenoid content, was also achieved using C. vulgaris biomass, and red hue was maximum when using H. pluvialis biomass. 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