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Television in the Age of (Post) Communism: The Case of Romania

2012; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 40; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/01956051.2012.697794

1930-6458

Dana Mustata,

Polish Historical and Cultural Studies

Abstract Emerging scholarship on television in Eastern Europe needs to step away from the political antagonisms of the Cold War before being able to produce histories of the medium, rather than political stories of television. Starting from this premise, the article takes a longue durée perspective at the evolution of television in Romania during and after the communist regime. Making references to the development of television in other countries and placing Romanian television within the context of European televisual development, the article argues that it was only at certain stages in the development of the medium that television in Romania was predominantly characterized by its relations to politics, while at other stages it resembled and was much connected to television in other countries. Paraphrasing John Ellis's discussion of the different "eras" in television's development, the article demonstrates on the basis of a wide variety of sources—from audiovisual material, to oral interviews, to documents of the former communist secret services and written documents at the BBC archives—how Romanian television went through a model of evolution similar to what Ellis described for British television and explores how and why an exceptional, dictatorial era of Romanian television emerged in the 1980s. The article provides a conceptual framework for television history in a former communist regime and proposes a foundation for integrating such histories into broader European agendas of television history. Keywords: BBCcommunismEuropean televisionpost-communismRomaniatelevision historytotalitarianism Notes 1. Tape 41678. Bucharest: Arhiva Multimedia, Televiziunea Romana. Video. 2. 4 Dec. 1964. E 1/2, 309/1, "Romania. Brucan Silviu." BBC Written Archives Centre, Caversham, UK. MS. 3. Skempton, A. S. W. 13 Nov. 1964. E 1/2, 309/1, "Romania. Brucan Silviu." BBC Written Archives Centre, Caversham, UK. MS. 4. Skempton, A. S. W. 13 Nov. 1964. E 1/2, 309/1, "Romania. Brucan Silviu." BBC Written Archives Centre, Caversham, UK. MS. 5. International exchange programs were a strategy of reciprocal programming between countries. Reciprocity agreements constituted in fact a practice within OIRT and even within EBU to institutionalize control over the reception of foreign programs as well as to ensure distribution of national television content abroad (Eugster 1–19). 6. Nota (Material despre TV), nr. 152/V.C./F.N/ 14.06.1984. Radiotelevevision File D 135, vol. 37, p. 115. Bucharest: Council for the Study of the Securitate Archives. 7. Nota, nr. 334 din 3.05.1985. Radiotelevision Files, D 135, vol. 81, p. 84. Bucharest: Council for the Study of the Securitate Archives. 8. Informare, 29 May 1986. Radiotelevision Files D 135, vol. 81, p. 26. Bucharest: Council for the Study of the Securitate Archives. 9. Tape RRD 9-3128. Arhiva Multimedia, Televiziunea Romana. Bucharest: TVR. 10. Panoramic Radio TV, 6–15 July 1990. 11. Radio Televiziunea Romana Libera, 19–25 Feb. 1990, Year I, Nr. 7.