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Animal defensive reactions as a model for trauma‐induced dissociative reactions

1998; Wiley; Volume: 11; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1023/a

1573-6598

Ellert R. S. Nijenhuis, Johan Vanderlinden, Philip Spinhoven,

Pain Management and Placebo Effect

Abstract Patients with complex dissociative disorders remain in alternating psychophysiological states which are discrete, discontinuous, and resistant against integrative tendencies. In this contribution, a parallel is drawn between animal defensive and recuperative states that are evoked in the face of severe threat and the characteristic responses of dissociative disorder patients as displayed in major dissociative states. Empirical data and clinical observations seem to be supportive of the idea that there are similarities between freezing, concomitant development of analgesia and anesthesia, and acute pain in threatened animals and severely traumatized human beings.