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Effects of varying dietary fat, fish, and fish oils on blood lipids in a randomized controlled trial in men at risk of heart disease

1994; Elsevier BV; Volume: 59; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/ajcn/59.5.1060

1938-3207

Trevor A. Mori, R. Vandongen, Lawrence J. Beilin, V. Burke, James Morris, J. Ritchie,

Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet

This study aimed to determine the effects of incorporating fish with 40%- or 30%-fat diets and the differences in response to fish or fish oil ω3 fats. Men with high-normal blood pressure and elevated serum cholesterol were randomly allocated to one of seven diets for 12 wk. Fish or fish oil with a 40%-fat diet increased total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, HDL2 cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, and reduced triglycerides. The 30%-fat diet alone reduced cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol, with triglycerides unchanged. Fish with the 30%-fat diet reduced cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides and increased HDL2 cholesterol. This study has shown that plasma lipids are affected similarly by fish or fish oil in men consuming a 40%-fat diet. Adverse effects of ω3 fats on total and LDL cholesterol are reversed by a 30%-fat diet, whereas one daily fish meal substantially lowers triglycerides and reverses the fall in HDL cholesterol that is usual with a low-fat diet.