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Influence of Carcass-Derived Nutrients on Sockeye Salmon Productivity of Karluk Lake, Alaska: Importance in the Assessment of an Escapement Goal

1998; Wiley; Volume: 18; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1577/1548-8675(1998)018 2.0.co;2

1548-8675

Dana Schmidt, Stan R. Carlson, Gary B. Kyle, Bruce P. Finney,

Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies

North American Journal of Fisheries ManagementVolume 18, Issue 4 p. 743-763 Article Influence of Carcass-Derived Nutrients on Sockeye Salmon Productivity of Karluk Lake, Alaska: Importance in the Assessment of an Escapement Goal Dana C. Schmidt, Corresponding Author Dana C. Schmidt dschmidt@rll.ca Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries Management and Development, 34828 Kalifornsky Beach Road, Soldotna, Alaska, 99669 USAPresent address: RL&L Environmental Services, 201 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1A2, Canada.Corresponding author: dschmidt@rll.caSearch for more papers by this authorStan R. Carlson, Stan R. Carlson Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries Management and Development, 34828 Kalifornsky Beach Road, Soldotna, Alaska, 99669 USASearch for more papers by this authorGary B. Kyle, Gary B. Kyle Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries Management and Development, 34828 Kalifornsky Beach Road, Soldotna, Alaska, 99669 USASearch for more papers by this authorBruce P. Finney, Bruce P. Finney University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775-7220 USASearch for more papers by this author Dana C. Schmidt, Corresponding Author Dana C. Schmidt dschmidt@rll.ca Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries Management and Development, 34828 Kalifornsky Beach Road, Soldotna, Alaska, 99669 USAPresent address: RL&L Environmental Services, 201 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1A2, Canada.Corresponding author: dschmidt@rll.caSearch for more papers by this authorStan R. Carlson, Stan R. Carlson Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries Management and Development, 34828 Kalifornsky Beach Road, Soldotna, Alaska, 99669 USASearch for more papers by this authorGary B. Kyle, Gary B. Kyle Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries Management and Development, 34828 Kalifornsky Beach Road, Soldotna, Alaska, 99669 USASearch for more papers by this authorBruce P. Finney, Bruce P. Finney University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775-7220 USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 08 January 2011 https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1998)018 2.0.CO;2Citations: 22 Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract The fishery for Karluk Lake (Kodiak Island, Alaska) sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka has undergone a period of high production (1920s to mid-1940s), decline (mid-1940s to late 1970s), and recovery (late 1970s to present). We evaluated historical spawner–recruit data and recent (1980–1994) limnological data to develop an escapement goal (EG) to provide maximum sustainable yield for sockeye salmon. Ricker analysis of the spawner–recruit data explained only a small proportion of the total variation (r2 = 0.17) in loge recruit/spawner (R/S) and exhibited a significant first-order autocorrelation (r1 = 0.68; P < 0.0001). Ricker time–polynomial regression exhibited no significant residual autocorrelation, explained 71% of the variation in loge R/S, and indicated that intrinsic productivity (α parameter) has remained fairly constant, whereas system capacity (β parameter) has been temporally unstable. Markov transition probabilities indicated that escapements between 0.8 and 1.0 million fish maximize yield. In comparison, a graphical assessment of actual spawner abundance versus predicted maximum sustained yield indicated a production threshold (about 0.8 million spawners) and revealed a temporal pattern in production related to spawner abundance. These findings suggest a positive-feedback mechanism related to the size of the escapement, which we hypothesize is primarily due to nutrients from spawner carcasses. Sockeye salmon carcasses produce an estimated 90% of the phosphorus above baseline loading and have accounted for 40% or more of the total phosphorus in Karluk Lake. The historical trend in sedimentary δ15N shows a strong reduction in marine-derived nutrients since the onset of commercial fishing around 1890, a pattern that roughly corresponds to the decline in sockeye salmon production and system capacity. These findings and other trophic-level limnological analyses suggest an EG of 0.8–1.0 million fish. Our evaluations also indicated that approximately equal proportions of early-run (before July 15) and late-run (after July 15) spawners are needed to optimize sockeye salmon production at Karluk Lake. Citing Literature Volume18, Issue4November 1998Pages 743-763 RelatedInformation