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Inorganic polyphosphate inhibits an aspartic protease‐like activity in the eggs of Rhodnius prolixus (Stahl) and impairs yolk mobilization in vitro

2009; Wiley; Volume: 222; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/jcp.21975

1097-4652

Fabio M. Gomes, Danielle Maria Perpétua de Oliveira, Lucimar S. Motta, Isabela Ramos, Kildare Miranda, Ednildo A. Machado,

Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms

Abstract Inorganic polyphosphate (poly P) is a polymer of phosphate residues that has been shown to act as modulator of some vertebrate cathepsins. In the egg yolk granules of Rhodnius prolixus , a cathepsin D is the main protease involved in yolk mobilization and is dependent on an activation by acid phosphatases. In this study, we showed a possible role of poly P stored inside yolk granules on the inhibition of cathepsin D and arrest of yolk mobilization during early embryogenesis of these insects. Enzymatic assays detected poly P stores inside the eggs of R. prolixus . We observed that micromolar poly P concentrations inhibited cathepsin D proteolytic activity using both synthetic peptides and homogenates of egg yolk as substrates. Poly P was a substrate for Rhodnius acid phosphatase and also a strong competitive inhibitor of a pNPPase activity. Fusion events have been suggested as important steps towards acid phosphatase transport to yolk granules. We observed that poly P levels in those compartments were reduced after in vitro fusion assays and that the remaining poly P did not have the same cathepsin D inhibition activity after fusion. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that poly P is a cathepsin D inhibitor and a substrate for acid phosphatase inside yolk granules. It is possible that, once activated, acid phosphatase might degrade poly P, allowing cathepsin D to initiate yolk proteolysis. We, therefore, suggest that degradation of poly P might represent a new step toward yolk mobilization during embryogenesis of R. prolixus . J. Cell. Physiol. 222: 606–611, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.