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Drug resistance mutations in patients infected with HIV-2 living in Spain

2011; Oxford University Press; Volume: 66; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/jac/dkr164

1460-2091

Ana Cecilia Treviño, Carmen de Mendoza, E. Caballero, Carmen Rodríguez, P. Parra, Rafael Benito, Teresa Cabezas, Lourdes Roc, Antonio Aguilera, Vincent Soriano, Carmen Rodríguez, Jorge del Romero, C. Tuset, Goitzane Marcaida, T. Tuset, E. Caballero, Irma Molina, Antonio Aguilera, José Javier Rodríguez, S. Cortizo, Benito Regueiro, Rafael Benito, M. Borrás, Raúl Ortíz de Lejarazu, José Marı́a Eiros Bouza, Júlia Miró, María López-Diéguez, María Luisa Navarro Gómez, Tomàs Pumarola, J. Victor Garcia, I. Paz, Enrique J. Calderón, Francisco J. Medrano, M Leal, F. Capote, Alejandro Vallejo, Fernando Dronda, Santiago Moreno, Domingo Escudero, Emilio Pujol, Matilde Trigo, J. Diz, Patrícia Álvarez, Marta García‐Campello, Manuel Rodríguez‐Iglesias, A. M. Martin, A. Hernández-Betancor, José Manuel Ramos, J. C. Rodriguez, Félix Gutiérrez, César Gómez-Hernando, Ana Guelar, Gustavo Cilla, E Pérez-Trallero, José López‐Aldeguer, J. Solá, L. Fernandez-Pereira, Jordí Niubó, Sergio Veloso, Alex Torres, Ana María López Lirola, José L. Gómez Sirvent, Luís Force, Celia Cifuentes, J. Victor Garcia, S. Perez, Caterina Olid Raya, Alejandro González‐Praetorius, Álvaro Mena, José L. Pérez, María Luz Pintos Peñaranda, José Miguel Montejo, María Luisa Navarro Gómez, Peré Domingo, Lourdes Roc, A. Martinez Sapina, Isabel Viciana, Teresa Cabezas, A. Lozano, Juan Manuel Fernández, Felipe García, G. Gaspar, Raúl López García, Miguel Górgolas, Ana Cecilia Treviño, P. Parra, Carmen de Mendoza, Vincent Soriano,

HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions

In contrast with HIV-1, information about drug resistance in HIV-2 is scarce and mainly derived from small series of patients failing antiretroviral therapy. The spectrum of changes in the reverse transcriptase (RT), protease (PR) and integrase (INT) genes was examined in HIV-2 individuals enrolled in the HIV-2 Spanish register. From a total of 236 HIV-2-infected individuals registered in Spain from 1989 to June 2010, 53 PR, 44 RT and 8 INT sequences were obtained. Low plasma viraemia precluded collection of this information from most of the remaining cases. No major mutations associated with drug resistance in HIV-1 were recognized in 29 PR, 20 RT and 5 INT sequences from antiretroviral-naive HIV-2 individuals, although natural polymorphisms with potential effects on susceptibility to PR inhibitors were recognized at 10 positions (L10V/I, V32I, M36I, M46I, I47V, Q58E, A71V/I, G73A, V82I and L89I/V) and for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors at three positions (T69N, V75I and K219E). In 24 antiretroviral-experienced patients with virological failure the most frequent major RT resistance mutations were M184V (58%), Q151M (33%) and K65R (21%), which are rarely seen thymidine analogue mutations. In PR the most frequent major changes were V47A (17%), I54M (17%), I82F (13%), L90M (29%) and L99F (29%). Two of the three patients who failed on raltegravir had N155H in the INT region. Drug resistance mutations in HIV-2 are selected at the same positions as in HIV-1, although with different frequency. Polymorphisms in the RT and PR associated with drug resistance in HIV-1 as compensatory changes are common in untreated HIV-2 subjects. These findings highlight the need for specific guidelines for interpreting genotypic resistance patterns in HIV-2 infection.