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EFNS guidelines on the diagnosis and management of European Lyme neuroborreliosis

2009; Wiley; Volume: 17; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02862.x

1468-1331

Åse Mygland, Unn Ljøstad, Volker Fingerle, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Erich Schmutzhard, Israel Steiner,

Insect and Pesticide Research

Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is a nervous system infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bb).To present evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and treatment.Data were analysed according to levels of evidence as suggested by EFNS.The following three criteria should be fulfilled for definite LNB, and two of them for possible LNB: (i) neurological symptoms; (ii) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis; (iii) Bb-specific antibodies produced intrathecally. PCR and CSF culture may be corroborative if symptom duration is <6 weeks, when Bb antibodies may be absent. PCR is otherwise not recommended. There is also not enough evidence to recommend the following tests for diagnostic purposes: microscope-based assays, chemokine CXCL13, antigen detection, immune complexes, lymphocyte transformation test, cyst formation, lymphocyte markers. Adult patients with definite or possible acute LNB (symptom duration 6 months) for 3 weeks (good practice points). Children should be treated as adults, except that doxycycline is contraindicated under 8 years of age (nine in some countries). If symptoms persist for more than 6 months after standard treatment, the condition is often termed post-Lyme disease syndrome (PLDS). Antibiotic therapy has no impact on PLDS (level A).