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FREQUENCY OF VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS RELAPSES IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS–INFECTED PATIENTS RECEIVING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY

2004; American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; Volume: 70; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.4269/ajtmh.2004.70.298

1476-1645

José Antonio López Mira, Juan E. Corzo, Antonio Rivero, Juan Macı́as, Fernando Lozano de León, José Miguel Cisneros, Jesús Gómez‐Mateos, R Jurado, Juan A. Pineda,

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment

There are contradictory data about whether highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) prevents visceral leishmaniasis (VL) relapses in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of VL relapses in individuals receiving HAART. Thirty-one patients who received HAART after developing VL were included in a retrospective cohort study. Ten of them received secondary chemoprophylaxis and the rest did not. Eight (38%) patients without secondary chemoprophylaxis showed a VL relapse. None of the seven subjects with VL relapses and 6 of 11 without recurrence (P = 0.038), in whom all scheduled data were available, showed an increase of more than 100 CD4+ cells/mm(3) during the follow-up. Patients with relapse showed higher levels of HIV RNA viral load at their last visit (P = 0.047). The frequency of VL relapses in patients receiving HAART is high. Relapses of VL are observed only in individuals with uncontrolled HIV replication and/or poor immunologic responses.