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Etiology of Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness in the Amazon Basin of Ecuador

2009; American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; Volume: 81; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.4269/ajtmh.2009.81.146

1476-1645

Stephen R. Manock, Kathryn H. Jacobsen, Narcisa Brito de Bravo, Kevin L. Russell, Mónica Negrete, James G. Olson, José L. Sánchez, Patrick J. Blair, Roger D. Smalligan, Brad K. Quist, Juan Freire Espín, Willan R. Espinoza, Fiona MacCormick, Lila C. Fleming, Tadeusz J. Kochel,

Mosquito-borne diseases and control

We conducted a longitudinal observational study of 533 patients presenting to two hospitals in the Ecuadorean Amazon basin with acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) from 2001 through 2004. Viral isolation, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), IgM seroconversion, and malaria smears identified pathogens responsible for fever in 122 (40.1%) of 304 patients who provided both acute and convalescent blood samples. Leptospirosis was found in 40 (13.2%), malaria in 38 (12.5%), rickettsioses in 18 (5.9%), dengue fever in 16 (5.3%), Q fever in 15 (4.9%), brucellosis in 4 (1.3%), Ilhéus infection in 3 (1.0%), and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE), Oropouche, and St. Louis encephalitis virus infections in less than 1% of these patients. Viral isolation and RT-PCR on another 229 participants who provided only acute samples identified 3 cases of dengue fever, 2 of VEE, and 1 of Ilhéus. None of these pathogens, except for malaria, had previously been detected in the study area.