Carta Acesso aberto Revisado por pares

The long QT interval syndrome. A Rosetta stone for sympathetic related ventricular tachyarrhythmias.

1991; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 84; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1161/01.cir.84.3.1414

ISSN

1524-4539

Autores

Douglas P. Zipes,

Tópico(s)

Mental Health Research Topics

Resumo

HomeCirculationVol. 84, No. 3The long QT interval syndrome. A Rosetta stone for sympathetic related ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Free AccessAbstractPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyRedditDiggEmail Jump toFree AccessAbstractPDF/EPUBThe long QT interval syndrome. A Rosetta stone for sympathetic related ventricular tachyarrhythmias. D P Zipes D P ZipesD P Zipes Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis, Ind. 46202-4800. Originally published1 Sep 1991https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.84.3.1414Circulation. 1991;84:1414–1419 Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By Rowe M and Roberts J (2020) The evolution of gene‐guided management of inherited arrhythmia syndromes: Peering beyond monogenic paradigms towards comprehensive genomic risk scores, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/jce.14415, 31:11, (2998-3008), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2020. Schwartz P, Ackerman M, Antzelevitch C, Bezzina C, Borggrefe M, Cuneo B and Wilde A (2020) Inherited cardiac arrhythmias, Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 10.1038/s41572-020-0188-7, 6:1, Online publication date: 1-Dec-2020. Ruan Y, Reis H, Zareba W and Lane R (2019) Does suppressing negative emotion impair subsequent emotions? Two experience sampling studies, Motivation and Emotion, 10.1007/s11031-019-09774-w, 44:3, (427-435), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2020. Sattler S, Lubberding A, Kristensen C, Møgelvang R, Blanche P, Fink-Jensen A, Engstrøm T, Kääb S, Jespersen T and Tfelt-Hansen J (2020) Effect of the antipsychotic drug haloperidol on arrhythmias during acute myocardial infarction in a porcine model, IJC Heart & Vasculature, 10.1016/j.ijcha.2019.100455, 26, (100455), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2020. Burashnikov A and Antzelevitch C (2020) Mechanisms Underlying the Development of Cardiac Arrhythmias Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias, 10.1007/978-3-030-41967-7_2, (33-74), . Lane R, Reis H, Hsu C, Kern K, Couderc J, Moss A and Zareba W (2018) Abnormal Repolarization Duration During Everyday Emotional Arousal in Long QT Syndrome and Coronary Artery Disease, The American Journal of Medicine, 10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.12.017, 131:5, (565-572.e2), Online publication date: 1-May-2018. Nagai M, Dote K, Kato M and Oda N (2018) The insular cortex and QTc interval in HIV+ and HIV− individuals: Is there an effect of sympathetic nervous system activity?, Clinical Neurophysiology, 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.09.119, 129:1, (336), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2018. Yang X, Mao X, Xu G, Xing S, Chattopadhyay A, Jin S and Salama G (2018) Estradiol up-regulates L-type Ca 2+ channels via membrane-bound estrogen receptor/phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt/cAMP response element-binding protein signaling pathway, Heart Rhythm, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.01.019, 15:5, (741-749), Online publication date: 1-May-2018. Turker I, Ai T, Itoh H and Horie M (2017) Drug-induced fatal arrhythmias: Acquired long QT and Brugada syndromes, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.05.001, 176, (48-59), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2017. McIntosh R, Chow D, Lum C, Hidalgo M, Shikuma C and Kallianpur K (2017) Reduced functional connectivity between ventromedial prefrontal cortex and insula relates to longer corrected QT interval in HIV+ and HIV− individuals, Clinical Neurophysiology, 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.07.398, 128:10, (1839-1850), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2017. Abbas R, Menon S, Padmini S and Pulichikkat R (2017) A STUDY IN THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS, Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 10.18410/jebmh/2017/242, 4:22, (1227-1240), Online publication date: 14-Mar-2017. Esler M and Schwarz R (2015) Cardiac Psychology: Ancient and Modern History Handbook of Psychocardiology, 10.1007/978-981-4560-53-5_1-1, (1-8), . Esler M and Schwarz R (2016) Cardiac Psychology: Ancient and Modern History Handbook of Psychocardiology, 10.1007/978-981-287-206-7_1, (13-20), . Lujan H and DiCarlo S (2016) Alterations in Cardiac Electrophysiology After Spinal Cord Injury and Implications for Exercise The Physiology of Exercise in Spinal Cord Injury, 10.1007/978-1-4939-6664-6_5, (77-103), . Lujan H, Rivers J and DiCarlo S (2016) Complex and interacting influences of the autonomic nervous system on cardiac electrophysiology in conscious mice, Autonomic Neuroscience, 10.1016/j.autneu.2016.08.017, 201, (24-31), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2016. Travin M (2015) It's not all in the numbers, Journal of Nuclear Cardiology, 10.1007/s12350-015-0105-8, 23:3, (436-441), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2016. H M, Patil S and H C V (2015) AGE AND SEX RELATED CHANGES ON RR INTERVAL AND ST HEIGHT IN ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (ECG) OF HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS, Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 10.18410/jebmh/2015/550, 2:26, (3875-3879), Online publication date: 26-Jun-2015. Klimas J, Kruzliak P and Rabkin S (2015) Modulation of the QT interval duration in hypertension with antihypertensive treatment, Hypertension Research, 10.1038/hr.2015.30, 38:7, (447-454), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2015. Fischer C, Seeck A, Schroeder R, Goernig M, Schirdewan A, Figulla H, Baumert M and Voss A (2015) QT variability improves risk stratification in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, Physiological Measurement, 10.1088/0967-3334/36/4/699, 36:4, (699-713), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2015. Shen M and Zipes D (2014) Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in Modulating Cardiac Arrhythmias, Circulation Research, 114:6, (1004-1021), Online publication date: 14-Mar-2014. Damasceno D, Savergnini S, Gomes E, Guatimosim S, Ferreira A, Doretto M and Almeida A (2013) Cardiac dysfunction in rats prone to audiogenic epileptic seizures, Seizure, 10.1016/j.seizure.2013.01.006, 22:4, (259-266), Online publication date: 1-May-2013. Antzelevitch C and Burashnikov A (2013) Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmia Electrical Diseases of the Heart, 10.1007/978-1-4471-4881-4_6, (93-128), . Morita H (2013) Ion channel complex disease in long QT syndrome, Heart Rhythm, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.01.026, 10:5, (738-739), Online publication date: 1-May-2013. Liu D, Zhi D, Zhou T, Yu Q, Wan F, Bai Y and Li H (2013) Realgar bioleaching solution is a less toxic arsenic agent in suppressing the Ras/MAPK pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans, Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 10.1016/j.etap.2013.01.001, 35:2, (292-299), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2013. Antzelevitch C and Sicouri S (2012) Mechanisms Underlying Arrhythmogenesis in Long QT Syndrome, Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics, 10.1016/j.ccep.2011.12.001, 4:1, (17-27), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2012. Vandenberg J, Perry M, Perrin M, Mann S, Ke Y and Hill A (2012) hERG K + Channels: Structure, Function, and Clinical Significance , Physiological Reviews, 10.1152/physrev.00036.2011, 92:3, (1393-1478), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2012. ter Bekke R and Volders P (2012) Arrhythmogenic mechano-electric heterogeneity in the long-QT syndrome, Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2012.07.007, 110:2-3, (347-358), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2012. Esler M (2011) Sympathetic Neural and Adrenal Medullary Mechanisms in Depression and Panic Disorder Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, 10.1007/978-1-84882-419-5_4, (55-69), . Antzelevitch C and Cordeiro J (2012) Ion Channelopathies Electrophysiological Disorders of the Heart, 10.1016/B978-1-4377-0285-9.00007-7, (85-97), . Schwartz P (2011) Sudden cardiac death, founder populations, and mushrooms: What is the link with gold mines and modifier genes?, Heart Rhythm, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.12.035, 8:4, (548-550), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2011. Lane R, Zareba W, Reis H, Peterson D and Moss A (2011) Changes in Ventricular Repolarization Duration During Typical Daily Emotion in Patients With Long QT Syndrome, Psychosomatic Medicine, 10.1097/PSY.0b013e318203310a, 73:1, (98-105), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2011. Antzelevitch C and Burashnikov A (2011) Overview of Basic Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmia, Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics, 10.1016/j.ccep.2010.10.012, 3:1, (23-45), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2011. Shimizu W, Horie M and Priori S (2011) Phenotypic Manifestations of Mutations in Genes Encoding Subunits of Cardiac Potassium Channels, Circulation Research, 109:1, (97-109), Online publication date: 24-Jun-2011. Schwoerer A, Kebernik J, Ehmke H and Friederich P (2010) The Subtype-Specific Effects of Droperidol on Action Potential Duration in Cellular and Computational Models of Long QT Syndrome, Anesthesia & Analgesia, 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181e41996, 111:3, (638-646), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2010. Campuzano Ó, Sarquella-Brugada G, Brugada R, Brugada P and Brugada J (2009) Bases genéticas de las arritmias malignas y las miocardiopatías, Revista Española de Cardiología, 10.1016/S0300-8932(09)70899-1, 62:4, (422-436), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2009. Campuzano Ó, Sarquella-Brugada G, Brugada R, Brugada P and Brugada J (2009) The Genetic Basis of Malignant Arrhythmias and Cardiomyopathies, Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition), 10.1016/S1885-5857(09)71669-X, 62:4, (422-436), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2009. ZHAO J, HILL A, VARGHESE A, COOPER A, SWAN H, LAITINEN-FORSBLOM P, REES M, SKINNER J, CAMPBELL T and VANDENBERG J (2009) Not All hERG Pore Domain Mutations Have a Severe Phenotype: G584S Has an Inactivation Gating Defect with Mild Phenotype Compared to G572S, Which Has a Dominant Negative Trafficking Defect and a Severe Phenotype, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2009.01468.x, 20:8, (923-930), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2009. Diness J, Hansen R, Nissen J, Jespersen T and Grunnet M (2009) Antiarrhythmic effect of IKr activation in a cellular model of LQT3, Heart Rhythm, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2008.10.020, 6:1, (100-106), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2009. Lane R, Reis H, Peterson D, Zareba W and Moss A (2009) Happiness and Stress Alter Susceptibility to Cardiac Events in Long QT Syndrome, Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 10.1111/j.1542-474X.2009.00295.x, 14:2, (193-200), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2009. Patel C and Antzelevitch C (2008) Pharmacological approach to the treatment of long and short QT syndromes, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.02.001, 118:1, (138-151), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2008. XHAËT O, ARGACHA J, PATHAK A, GUJIC M, HOUSSIERE A, NAJEM B, DEGAUTE J and VAN DE BORNE P (2008) Sympathoexcitation Increases the QT/RR Slope in Healthy Men: Differential Effects of Hypoxia, Dobutamine, and Phenylephrine, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.01039.x, 19:2, (178-184), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2008. Morita H, Wu J and Zipes D (2008) The QT syndromes: long and short, The Lancet, 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61307-0, 372:9640, (750-763), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2008. Esler M, Schwarz R and Alvarenga M (2008) Mental stress is a cause of cardiovascular diseases: from scepticism to certainty, Stress and Health, 10.1002/smi.1198, 24:3, (175-180), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2008. Esler M, Lambert E and Alvarenga M (2008) Acute mental stress responses: neural mechanisms of adverse cardiac consequences, Stress and Health, 10.1002/smi.1205, 24:3, (196-202), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2008. Perrin M, Subbiah R, Vandenberg J and Hill A (2008) Human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K+ channels: Function and dysfunction, Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2008.10.006, 98:2-3, (137-148), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2008. Antzelevitch C, Burashnikov A and Di Diego J (2008) Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmia Electrical Diseases of the Heart, 10.1007/978-1-84628-854-8_6, (65-132), . Gupta P, Patel C, Patel H, Narayanaswamy S, Malhotra B, Green J and Yan G (2008) Tp-e/QT ratio as an index of arrhythmogenesis, Journal of Electrocardiology, 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2008.07.016, 41:6, (567-574), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2008. Antzelevitch C (2007) Heterogeneity and cardiac arrhythmias: An overview, Heart Rhythm, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2007.03.036, 4:7, (964-972), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2007. Antzelevitch C (2007) Role of spatial dispersion of repolarization in inherited and acquired sudden cardiac death syndromes, American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 10.1152/ajpheart.00355.2007, 293:4, (H2024-H2038), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2007. Lujan H and DiCarlo S (2007) T 5 spinal cord transection increases susceptibility to reperfusion-induced ventricular tachycardia by enhancing sympathetic activity in conscious rats , American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 10.1152/ajpheart.01019.2007, 293:6, (H3333-H3339), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2007. ANTZELEVITCH C and BELARDINELLI L (2006) The Role of Sodium Channel Current in Modulating Transmural Dispersion of Repolarization and Arrhythmogenesis, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00388.x, 17:s1, (S79-S85), Online publication date: 1-May-2006. Ching C and Tan E (2014) Congenital long QT syndromes: clinical features, molecular genetics and genetic testing, Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 10.1586/14737159.6.3.365, 6:3, (365-374), Online publication date: 1-May-2006. ANTZELEVITCH C and OLIVA A (2006) Amplification of spatial dispersion of repolarization underlies sudden cardiac death associated with catecholaminergic polymorphic VT, long QT, short QT and Brugada syndromes, Journal of Internal Medicine, 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2005.01587.x, 259:1, (48-58), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2006. Collins H, Rodenbaugh D and DiCarlo S (2006) Spinal cord injury alters cardiac electrophysiology and increases the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias Autonomic Dysfunction After Spinal Cord Injury, 10.1016/S0079-6123(05)52018-1, (275-288), . MAGNANO A, TALATHOTI N, HALLUR R, BLOOMFIELD D and GARAN H (2006) Sympathomimetic Infusion and Cardiac Repolarization: The Normative Effects of Epinephrine and Isoproterenol in Healthy Subjects, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00555.x, 17:9, (983-989), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2006. Gomez-Caminero A, Blumentals W, Russo L, Brown R and Castilla-Puentes R (2005) Does Panic Disorder Increase the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease? A Cohort Study of a National Managed Care Database, Psychosomatic Medicine, 10.1097/01.psy.0000174169.14227.1f, 67:5, (688-691), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2005. WU V, LIN L and WU K (2005) QT interval dispersion in dialysis patients. Review Article, Nephrology, 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2005.00391.x, 10:2, (109-112), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2005. Collins H, Loka A and DiCarlo S (2005) Daily exercise-induced cardioprotection is associated with changes in calcium regulatory proteins in hypertensive rats, American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 10.1152/ajpheart.00873.2004, 288:2, (H532-H540), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2005. Antzelevitch C (2005) Cardiac repolarization. The long and short of it*, EP Europace, 10.1016/j.eupc.2005.05.010, 7:s2, (S3-S9), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2005. Wu V, Huang J, Wu M, Chin C, Chiang F, Liu Y and Wu K (2004) The effect of iron stores on corrected QT dispersion in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 10.1016/S0272-6386(04)00952-7, 44:4, (720-728), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2004. Verrier R and Antzelevitch C (2004) Autonomic aspects of arrhythmogenesis: the enduring and the new, Current Opinion in Cardiology, 10.1097/00001573-200401000-00003, 19:1, (2-11), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2004. Shimizu W, Noda T, Takaki H, Nagaya N, Satomi K, Kurita T, Suyama K, Aihara N, Sunagawa K, Echigo S, Miyamoto Y, Yoshimasa Y, Nakamura K, Ohe T, Towbin J, Priori S and Kamakura S (2004) Diagnostic value of epinephrine test for genotyping LQT1, LQT2, and LQT3 forms of congenital long QT syndrome, Heart Rhythm, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2004.04.021, 1:3, (276-283), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2004. Antzelevitch C (2009) Cellular basis and mechanism underlying normal and abnormal myocardial repolarization and arrhythmogenesis, Annals of Medicine, 10.1080/17431380410032553, 36:sup1, (5-14), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2004. Roden D (2004) The Autonomic Nervous System and Sudden Cardiac Death Primer on the Autonomic Nervous System, 10.1016/B978-012589762-4/50065-7, (245-246), . Schwartz P and Priori S (2004) Long QT Syndrome: Genotype-Phenotype Correlations Cardiac Electrophysiology, 10.1016/B0-7216-0323-8/50073-7, (651-659), . Janse M (2004) Historical vignette: The long QT syndrome and the sympathetic nerves, Heart Rhythm, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2004.05.004, 1:3, (284), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2004. ANTZELEVITCH C (2003) Molecular Genetics of Arrhythmias and Cardiovascular Conditions Associated with Arrhythmias, Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00345.x, 26:11, (2194-2208), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2003. Esler M (2003) Hearts and minds, Heart, Lung and Circulation, 10.1046/j.1444-2892.2003.00191.x, 12:1, (1-2), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2003. Antzelevitch C, Burashnikov A and Di Diego J (2003) Cellular and Ionic Mechanisms Underlying Arrhythmogenesis Cardiac Repolarization, 10.1007/978-1-59259-362-0_11, (201-251), . ANTZELEVITCH C (2003) Molecular Genetics of Arrhythmias and Cardiovascular Conditions Associated with Arrhythmias, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.03316.x, 14:11, (1259-1272), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2003. Mazzadi A, André-Fouët X, Duisit J, Gebuhrer V, Costes N, Chevalier P, Rodriguez C, Schott J, Le Marec H, Guicheney P, Le Bars D and Janier M (2003) Cardiac retention of [ 11 C]HED in genotyped long QT patients: a potential amplifier role for severity of the disease , American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 10.1152/ajpheart.00276.2003, 285:3, (H1286-H1293), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2003. Nemec J, Hejlik J, Shen W and Ackerman M (2003) Catecholamine-Induced T-Wave Lability in Congenital Long QT Syndrome: A Novel Phenomenon Associated With Syncope and Cardiac Arrest, Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 10.4065/78.1.40, 78:1, (40-50), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2003. Esposito K, Marfella R, Gualdiero P, Carusone C, Pontillo A, Giugliano G, Nicoletti G and Giugliano D (2012) Sympathovagal Balance, Nighttime Blood Pressure, and QT Intervals in Normotensive Obese Women, Obesity Research, 10.1038/oby.2003.93, 11:5, (653-659), Online publication date: 1-May-2003. Chinushi M, Tagawa M, Sugiura H, Komura S, Hosaka Y, Washizuka T and Aizawa Y (2003) Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias in a Canine Model of LQT3. Arrhythmogenic Effects of Sympathetic Activity and Therapeutic Effects of Mexiletine., Circulation Journal, 10.1253/circj.67.263, 67:3, (263-268), . Rodenbaugh D, Collins H, Nowacek D and DiCarlo S (2003) Increased susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias is associated with changes in Ca 2+ regulatory proteins in paraplegic rats , American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 10.1152/ajpheart.00319.2003, 285:6, (H2605-H2613), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2003. Kandori A, Shimizu W, Yokokawa M, Maruo T, Kanzaki H, Nakatani S, Kamakura S, Miyatake K, Murakami M, Miyashita T, Ogata K and Tsukada K (2002) Detection of spatial repolarization abnormalities in patients with LQT1 and LQT2 forms of congenital long-QT syndrome, Physiological Measurement, 10.1088/0967-3334/23/4/301, 23:4, (603-614), Online publication date: 1-Nov-2002. van Honk J, Hermans E, d'Alfonso A, Schutter D, van Doornen L and de Haan E (2002) A left-prefrontal lateralized, sympathetic mechanism directs attention towards social threat in humans: evidence from repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, Neuroscience Letters, 10.1016/S0304-3940(01)02558-7, 319:2, (99-102), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2002. Corbi G, Carbone S, Ziccardi P, Giugliano G, Marfella R, Nappo F, Paolisso G, Esposito K and Giugliano D (2002) FFAs and QT Intervals in Obese Women with Visceral Adiposity: Effects of Sustained Weight Loss Over 1 Year, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 10.1210/jcem.87.5.8516, 87:5, (2080-2083), Online publication date: 1-May-2002. Antzelevitch C and Shimizu W (2002) Cellular mechanisms underlying the long QT syndrome, Current Opinion in Cardiology, 10.1097/00001573-200201000-00007, 17:1, (43-51), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2002. Pugsley M (2002) Antiarrhythmic drug development: Historical review and future perspective, Drug Development Research, 10.1002/ddr.10036, 55:1, (3-16), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2002. Shimizu W (2002) Effects of Sympathetic Stimulation on Various Repolarization Indices in the Congenital Long QT Syndrome, Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 10.1111/j.1542-474X.2002.tb00182.x, 7:4, (332-342), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2002. Esposito K, Nicoletti G, Marzano S, Gualdiero P, Carusone C, Marfella R, Beneduce F and Giugliano D (2014) Autonomic dysfunction associates with prolongation of QT intervals and blunted night BP in obese women with visceral obesity, Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 10.1007/BF03344061, 25:11, (RC32-RC35), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2002. Chinushi M, Kasai H, Tagawa M, Washizuka T, Hosaka Y, Chinushi Y and Aizawa Y (2002) Triggers of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and therapeutic effects of nicorandil in canine models of LQT2 and LQT3 syndromes, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01975-7, 40:3, (555-562), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2002. Antzelevitch C and Dumaine R (2002) Electrical Heterogeneity in the Heart: Physiological, Pharmacological and Clinical Implications Comprehensive Physiology, 10.1002/cphy.cp020117, (654-692), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2002. Marfella R, De Angelis L, Nappo F, Manzella D, Siniscalchi M, Paolisso G and Giugliano D (2001) Elevated plasma fatty acid concentrations prolong cardiac repolarization in healthy subjects, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 10.1093/ajcn/73.1.27, 73:1, (27-30), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2001. Hoehns J, Stanford R, Geraets D, Skelly K, Lee H and Gaul B (2001) Torsades de Pointes Associated with Chlorpromazine: Case Report and Review of Associated Ventricular Arrhythmias, Pharmacotherapy, 10.1592/phco.21.9.871.34565, 21:7, (871-883), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2001. Goldstein M (2001) Fat emulsion infusions and prolongation of the Q-T interval, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 10.1093/ajcn/74.2.272, 74:2, (272-272), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2001. Fujiki A, Nishida K, Mizumaki K, Nagasawa H, Shimono M and Inoue H (2001) Spontaneous Onset of Torsade de Pointes in Long-QT Syndrome and the Role of Sympathovagal Imbalance., Japanese Circulation Journal, 10.1253/jcj.65.1087, 65:12, (1087-1090), . Pytlak A and Piotrowski W (2000) Prognostic Significance of QT c Interval for Predicting Total, Cardiac, and Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in Community-Based Cohort from Warsaw Pol-MONICA Population , Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 10.1111/j.1542-474X.2000.tb00069.x, 5:4, (322-329), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2000. Palma Gámiz J, Arribas Jiménez A, González Juanatey J, Marín Huerta E and Martín-Ambrosio E (2000) Guías de práctica clínica de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología en la monitorización ambulatoria del electrocardiograma y presión arterial, Revista Española de Cardiología, 10.1016/S0300-8932(00)75066-4, 53:1, (91-109), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2000. Marfella R and Giugliano D (2014) Hyperglycemia leads to ECG reevaluation, Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 10.1007/BF03339843, 12:4, (246-248), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2000. Esler M and Kaye D (2000) Sympathetic Nervous System Activation in Essential Hypertension, Cardiac Failure and Psychosomatic Heart Disease, Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 10.1097/00005344-200000004-00001, 35, (S1-S7), . Tamargo J (2000) Drug-Induced Torsade de Pointes: From Molecular Biology to Bedside, Japanese Journal of Pharmacology, 10.1016/S0021-5198(19)30621-3, 83:1, (1-19), . Shimizu W and Antzelevitch C (2000) Differential effects of beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists in LQT1, LQT2 and LQT3 models of the long QT syndrome, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00582-3, 35:3, (778-786), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2000. Fauchier L, Maison-Blanche P, Forhan A, D'Hour A, Lépinay P, Tichet J, Vol S, Coumel P, Fauchier J and Balkau B (2000) Association between heart rate–corrected QT interval and coronary risk factors in 2,894 healthy subjects (the DESIR study), The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0002-9149(00)01015-8, 86:5, (557-559), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2000. Solini A, Passaro A, D'Elia K, Calzoni F, Alberti L and Fellin R (2014) The relationship of plasma glucose and electrocardiographic parameters in elderly women with different degrees of glucose tolerance, Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 10.1007/BF03339844, 12:4, (249-255), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2000. Antzelevitch C, Yan G and Shimizu W (1999) Transmural dispersion of repolarization and arrhythmogenicity: The brugada syndrome versus the long QT syndrome, Journal of Electrocardiology, 10.1016/S0022-0736(99)90074-2, 32, (158-165), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1999. YOSHIDA H, HORIE M, OTANI H, TAKANO M, TSUJI K, KUBOTA T, FUKUNAMI M and SASAYAMA S (1999) Characterization of a Novel Missense Mutation in the Pore of HERG in a Patient with Long QT Syndrome, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1999.tb00304.x, 10:9, (1262-1270), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1999. ANTZELEVITCH C, SHIMIZU W, YAN G, SICOURI S, WEISSENBURGER J, NESTERENKO V, BURASHNIKOV A, DIEGO J, SAFFITZ J and THOMAS G (1999) The M Cell:., Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1999.tb00287.x, 10:8, (1124-1152), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1999. Conley E (1999) VLG K eag/elk/erg Ion Channel Factsbook, 10.1016/B978-012184453-0/50009-3, (275-326), . NATTEL S (1999) The Molecular and Ionic Specificity of Antiarrhythmic Drug Actions, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1999.tb00673.x, 10:2, (272-282), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1999. Brosch S, Studenik C and Heistracher P (2008) ABOLITION OF DRUG‐INDUCED EARLY AFTERDEPOLARIZATIONS BY POTASSIUM CHANNEL ACTIVATORS IN GUINEA‐PIG PURKINJE FIBRES, Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.t01-11-.x, 25:3‐4, (225-230), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1998. Esler M (1998) Mental stress, panic disorder and the heart, Stress Medicine, 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1700(1998100)14:4 3.0.CO;2-C, 14:4, (237-243), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1998. Sawicki , Kiwitt , Bender and Berger (2002) The value of QT interval dispersion for identification of total mortality risk in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Journal of Internal Medicine, 10.1046/j.1365-2796.1998.00259.x, 243:1, (49-56), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1998. Ducceschi V, Sarubbi B, D'Andrea A, Liccardo B, Briglia N, Carozza A, Marmo J, Santangelo L, Iacono A and Cotrufo M (1998) Increased QT dispersion and other repolarization abnormalities as a possible cause of electrical instability in isolated aortic stenosis, International Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0167-5273(97)00334-3, 64:1, (57-62), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1998. Shimono M, Fujiki A and Inoue H (1998) Relation Between Autonomic Nerve Activity and QT Interval in Patients with Congenital Long QT Syndrome: Analysis Using 24-Hour Holter ECG Monitoring, Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 10.1111/j.1542-474X.1998.tb00024.x, 3:1, (12-19), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1998. Mansour V, Thompson J, Esler M, Wilkinson D, Jennings G and Schwarz R (1998) Panic disorder: coronary spasm as a basis for cardiac risk?, Medical Journal of Australia, 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb138992.x, 168:8, (390-392), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1998. RESTIVO M (1997) Animal Models of the Long QT Syndrome:., Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1997.tb01002.x, 8:10, (1159-1162), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1997. SHIMIZU W, KAMAKURA S, KURITA T, SUYAMA K, AIHARA N and SHIMOMURA K (1997) Influence of Epinephrine, Propranolol, and Atrial Pacing on Spatial Distribution of Recovery Time Measured by Body Surface Mapping in Congenital Long QT Syndrome, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1997.tb00996.x, 8:10, (1102-1114), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1997. ABILDSKOV J and LUX R (1997) Mechanisms in Adrenergic Dependent Onset of Torsades de Pointes, Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1997.tb04816.x, 20:1, (88-94), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1997. JAMES T (1996) Long Reflections on the QT Interval:., Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1996.tb00581.x, 7:8, (738-759), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1996. FAUCHIER J, FAUCHIER L, BABUTY D and COSNAY P (1996) Time-Domain Signal-Averaged Electrocardiogram in Nonischemic Ventricular Tachycardia, Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1996.tb03315.x, 19:2, (231-244), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1996. EPSTEIN A, ROSNER M, HAGEMAN G, BAKER J, PLUMB V and KAY G (1996) Posterior Left Thoracic Cardiac Sympathectomy by Surgical Division of the Sympathetic Chain: An Alternative Approach to Treatment of the Long QT Syndrome, Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1996.tb03419.x, 19:7, (1095-1104), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1996. Reardon M and Malik M (1996) QT interval change with age in an overtly healthy older population, Clinical Cardiology, 10.1002/clc.4960191209, 19:12, (949-952), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1996. Morita H, Yamanari H and Ohe T (1996) Evaluation of Autonomic Nervous Activity in Patients With Congenital Long QT Syndrome by an Analysis of RR Variability, Japanese Circulation Journal, 10.1253/jcj.60.742, 60:10, (742-748), . Aizawa Y, Washizuka T, Igarashi Y, Kitazawa H, Chinushi M, Abe A and Shibata A (1996) Acetylcholine-lnduced prolongation of the qt interval in idiopathic long qt syndrome, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0002-9149(97)89189-8, 77:10, (879-882), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1996. Drouin E, Charpentier F and Gauthier&NA; C (1996) α1-Adrenergic Stimulation Induces Early Afterdepolarizations in Ferret Purkinje Fibers, Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 10.1097/00005344-199603000-00003, 27:3, (320-326), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1996. Antzelevitch C and Sicouri S (1994) Clinical relevance of cardiac arrhythmias generated by afterdepolarizations, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/0735-1097(94)90529-0, 23:1, (259-277), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1994. Pripp C and Blomstrom P (1994) Epiglottitis and torsade de pointes tachycardia., Heart, 10.1136/hrt.72.2.205, 72:2, (205-208), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1994. Shimizu W, Kamakura S, Ohe T, Kurita T, Takaki H, Aihara N and Shimomura K (1994) Diagnostic value of recovery time measured by body surface mapping in patients with congenital long QT syndrome, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(94)90434-0, 74:8, (780-785), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1994. RAO K, ADLAKHA A, VERMA-ANSIL B, MELOY T and STANTON M (1994) Torsades de Pointes Ventricular Tachycardia Associated With Overdose of Astemizole, Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 10.1016/S0025-6196(12)62252-6, 69:6, (589-593), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1994. Vincent G (2009) Genetics and Molecular Biology of the Inherited Long QT Syndrome, Annals of Medicine, 10.3109/07853899409148363, 26:6, (419-425), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1994. Lehmann M, Suzuki F, Fromm B, Frankovich D, Elko P, Steinman R, Fresard J, Baga J and Taggart R (1994) T wave "humps" as a potential electrocardiographic marker of the long QT syndrome, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/0735-1097(94)90024-8, 24:3, (746-754), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1994. Dekker J, Schouten E, Klootwijk P, Pool J and Kromhout D (1994) Association between QT interval and coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly men. The Zutphen Study., Circulation, 90:2, (779-785), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1994. Grogin H and Scheinman M (1993) Evaluation and Management of Patients with Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia, Cardiology Clinics, 10.1016/S0733-8651(18)30190-5, 11:1, (39-54), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1993. Krause P, Rardon D, Miles W, Klein L, Mahomed Y, King R and Zipes D (1993) Characteristics of Ca2+ -activated K+ channels isolated from the left ventricle of a patient with idiopathic long QT syndrome, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(93)90665-V, 126:5, (1134-1141), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1993. Pfammatter J, Weber J, Stocker F, Gertsch M, Moser H and Kappenberger L (1993) Stress-induced polymorphous ventricular tachyarrhythmias in two brothers: Unusual pattern of inheritance in the long QT syndrome, Clinical Cardiology, 10.1002/clc.4960160613, 16:6, (517-520), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1993. Ben-David J and Zipes D (1993) Torsades de pointes and proarrhythmia, The Lancet, 10.1016/0140-6736(93)90708-O, 341:8860, (1578-1582), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1993. Mitrani R, Klein L, Miles W, Hackett F, Burt R, Wellman H and Zipes D (1993) Regional cardiac sympathetic denervation in patients with ventricular tachycardia in the absence of coronary artery disease, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/0735-1097(93)90541-8, 22:5, (1344-1353), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1993. GARDNER M, KIMBER S, JOHNSTONE D, SHUKLA R, HORACEK B, FORBES C and ARMOUR J (1993) The Effects of Unilateral Stellate Ganglion Blockade on Human Cardiac Function During Rest and Exercise, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1993.tb01207.x, 4:1, (2-8), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1993. O'Brien T, Feld G and Ross R (1992) A young woman with syncope and sudden death, Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, 10.1016/1050-1738(92)90001-9, 2:2, (37-40), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1992. Pressler M and Hathaway D (1992) The long QT syndrome: A G or not a G?, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/0735-1097(92)90124-6, 20:2, (504-505), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1992. Esler M (1992) The autonomic nervous system and cardiac arrhythmias, Clinical Autonomic Research, 10.1007/BF01819669, 2:2, (133-135), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1992. Vincent G (1992) Hypothesis for the molecular physiology of the Romano-Ward long QT syndrome, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/0735-1097(92)90123-5, 20:2, (500-503), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1992. ROSEN M, JECK C and STEINBERG S (1992) Autonomic Modulation of Cellular Repolarization and of the Electrocardiographic QT Interval, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1992.tb00991.x, 3:5, (487-499), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1992. ZHOU J, ZHENG L, LIU W, ZHANG G, ZHAO J, SHI J, WANG Z and ZHANG Y (1992) Early Afterdepolarizations in the Familial Long QTU Syndrome, Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1992.tb00986.x, 3:5, (431-436), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1992. Zipes D (1991) Monophasic action potentials in the diagnosis of triggered arrhythmias, Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 10.1016/0033-0620(91)90004-6, 33:6, (385-396), Online publication date: 1-May-1991. You T, Luo C, Zhang K and Zhang H (2021) Electrophysiological Mechanisms Underlying T-Wave Alternans and Their Role in Arrhythmogenesis, Frontiers in Physiology, 10.3389/fphys.2021.614946, 12 September 1, 1991Vol 84, Issue 3Article InformationMetrics Copyright © 1991 by American Heart Associationhttps://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.84.3.1414 Originally publishedSeptember 1, 1991 PDF download Advertisement

Referência(s)
Altmetric
PlumX