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Preserving Accuracy in GenBank

2008; American Association for the Advancement of Science; Volume: 319; Issue: 5870 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1126/science.319.5870.1616a

1095-9203

Thomas D. Bruns, Meredith Blackwell, Ivan P. Edwards, Andy F. S. Taylor, Thomas R. Horton, Ning Zhang, Urmas Kõljalg, Georgiana May, Thomas W. Kuyper, James D. Bever, Gregory S. Gilbert, John W. Taylor, Todd Z. DeSantis, Anne Pringle, James Borneman, G. D. Thorn, Mary L. Berbee, Gregory M. Mueller, Gary L. Andersen, Else C. Vellinga, Sara Branco, Ian Anderson, Ian A. Dickie, Peter G. Avis, Sari Timonen, Rasmus Kjøller, D. Jean Lodge, Richard M. Bateman, Andy Purvis, P.W. Crous, Christine V. Hawkes, Tim Barraclough, Austin Burt, R. Henrik Nilsson, Karl ­Henrik Larsson, Ian J. Alexander, Jean Marc Moncalvo, Jean A. Bérubé, Joseph W. Spatafora, H. Thorsten Lumbsch, Jaime E. Blair, Sung Oui Suh, Donald H. Pfister, Manfred Binder, E. W. A. Boehm, Linda M. Kohn, Juan L. Mata, Paul S. Dyer, Gi Ho Sung, Bryn T. M. Dentinger, Emory G. Simmons, Richard E. Baird, Thomas Volk, Brian A. Perry, Richard W. Kerrigan, Jinx Campbell, Jeewon Rajesh, Don R. Reynolds, David M. Geiser, Richard A. Humber, Natasha Teutsch Hausmann, Tim Szaro, Jason Stajich, Allen C. Gathman, Kabir Peay, Terry W. Henkel, Clare H. Robinson, Patricia J. Pukkila, Nhu H. Nguyen, Christopher Villalta, Peter G. Kennedy, Sarah E. Bergemann, M. Catherine Aime, Frank Kauff, Andrea Porras‐Alfaro, Cécile Gueidan, A. Beck, Birgitte Andersen, Stephen M. Marek, Jo Anne Crouch, Julia Kerrigan, Jean B. Ristaino, Kathie T. Hodge, Gretchen A. Kuldau, Gary J. Samuels, Huzefa A. Raja, Hermann Voglmayr, Monique Gardes, David P. Janos, Jack D. Rogers, P. F. Cannon, Sandra W. Woolfolk, Harold Kistler, Michael A. Castellano, Sandra L. Maldonado-Ramírez, Paul M. Kirk, J. J. Farrar, Todd Osmundson, Randolph S. Currah, Vladimir Vujanovic, Weidong Chen, Richard P. Korf, Zahi K. Atallah, Ken J. Harrison, Josep Guarro, Scott T. Bates, Pierluigi Bonello, P. D. Bridge, Wiley A. Schell, Walter Rossi, Jan Stenlid, Jens C. Frisvad, R. M. Miller, Scott Baker, Heather E. Hallen‐Adams, Jeffrey E. Janso, Andrew W. Wilson, Kenneth E. Conway, Louise M. Egerton‐Warburton, Zheng Wang, Darin M. Eastburn, Wellcome Ho, Scott Kroken, Marc Stadler, Gillian Turgeon, Robert W. Lichtwardt, Elwin L. Stewart, Mats Wedin, De Wei Li, J. Y. Uchida, Ari Jumpponen, Ron J. Deckert, Henry J. Beker, Scott O. Rogers, Jianping Xu, Peter R. Johnston, Ryan Shoemaker, Miao Liu, G. D. V. Marques, Brett A. Summerell, Serge Sokolski, Ulf Thrane, Paul Widden, Johann N. Bruhn, M. Virginia Bianchinotti, Dorothy Tuthill, Timothy J. Baroni, George Barron, Kentaro Hosaka, Kelsea Jewell, Meike Piepenbring, Raymond F. Sullivan, Gareth Griffith, S. G. Bradley, Takayuki Aoki, Wendy T. Yoder, Yu Ming Ju, Shannon M. Berch, Matt Trappe, Weijun Duan, Gregory Bonito, Ruth Ann Taber, Gilberto Carvalho Coelho, Gerald F. Bills, Austen R. D. Ganley, Reinhard Agerer, László G. Nagy, Barbara A. Roy, Thomas Læssøe, Nils Hallenberg, Hans Volker Tichy, Joost A. Stalpers, Ewald Langer, Markus Schöller, Dirk Krueger, Giovanni Pacioni, Reinhold Pöder, Taina Pennanen, Marina Capelari, Karen K. Nakasone, J. P. Tewari, Andrew N. Miller, Cony Decock, Sabine M. Huhndorf, Mark Wach, Helen S. Vishniac, D. Yohalem, Matthew E. Smith, Anthony E. Glenn, Martin J. Spiering, Daniel L. Lindner, Conrad L. Schoch, Scott A. Redhead, Kelly Ivors, Steven N. Jeffers, József Geml, Florence Okafor, Frederick W. Spiegel, Damon Dewsbury, Juliet Carroll, Terri M. Porter, Catherine H. Pashley, Steven E. Carpenter, Gloria Abad, Kerstin Voigt, B. Arenz, Andrew S. Methven, Shannon Schechter, Paula Vance, Dan Mahoney, Seogchan Kang, John P. Rheeder, James W.M. Mehl, Matthew Greif, George Ndzi Ngala, Joe Ammirati, Masako Kawasaki, Yuan Gwo-Fang, T Matsumoto, David F. Smith, Gina Koenig, Daniel L. Luoma, Tom W. May, Marco Leonardi, Lynne Sigler, D. Lee Taylor, Cara M. Gibson, Thomas J. Sharpton, David L. Hawksworth, José Carmine Dianese, Steven A. Trudell, Barbara Paulus, Mahajabeen Padamsee, Philippe Callac, Nelson Lima, Merlin M. White, Christian Barreau, M. A. Juncai, Bart Buyck, Richard K. Rabeler, Mark R. Liles, Dwayne Estes, Richard Carter, J. M. Herr, Gregory Chandler, Jennifer F. Kerekes, Jennifer M. Cruse‐Sanders, Ricardo Galán Márquez, Egon Horak, Michael S. Fitzsimons, Heidi Döring, Su Yao, Nicole A. Hynson, Martin Ryberg, A. Elizabeth Arnold, Karen W. Hughes,

Phytoplasmas and Hemiptera pathogens

REPOSITORY FOR nucleotide and protein sequences, is a critical resource for molecular biology, evolutionary biology, and ecology.While some attention has been drawn to sequence errors (1), common annotation errors also reduce the value of this database.In fact, for organisms such as fungi, which are notoriously difficult to identify, up to 20% of DNA sequence records may have erroneous lineage designations in GenBank (2).Gene function annotation in protein sequence databases is similarly errorprone (3, 4).Because identity and function of new sequences are often determined by bioinformatic analyses, both types of errors are propagated into new accessions, leading to long-term degradation of the quality of the database.Currently, primary sequence data are annotated by the authors of those data, and can only be reannotated by the same authors.This is inefficient and unsustainable over the long term as authors eventually leave the field.Although it is possible to link third-party databases to GenBank records, this is a short-term solution that has little guarantee of permanence.Similarly, the current third-party annotation option in GenBank (TPA) complicates rather than solves the problem by creating an identical record with a new annotation, while leaving the original record unflagged and unlinked to the new record.Since the origin of public zoological and botanical specimen collections, an open system of cumulative annotation has evolved, whereby the original name is retained, but additional opinion is directly appended and used for filing and retrieval.This was needed as new specimens and analyses allowed for reevaluation of older specimens and the original depositors became unavailable.The time has come for the public sequence database to incorporate a communitycurated, cumulative annotation process that allows third parties to improve the annotations of sequences when warranted by published peer-reviewed analyses (5).