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Serum concentrations of canine alpha 1 -proteinase inhibitor in cobalamin-deficient Yorkshire Terrier dogs

2013; SAGE Publishing; Volume: 25; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1177/1040638713485960

1943-4936

Niels Grützner, Romy M. Heilmann, Cory Seth Bridges, Jan S. Suchodolski, Jörg M. Steiner,

Congenital Ear and Nasal Anomalies

Fecal canine alpha 1 -proteinase inhibitor (cα 1 -PI) concentration has been reported to be increased in dogs with protein-losing enteropathy due to the loss of cα 1 -PI into the gastrointestinal tract. A chronic loss of cα 1 -PI may theoretically deplete serum cα 1 -PI, potentially altering the proteinase-to-proteinase inhibitor balance. Protein-losing enteropathy has been reported to occur frequently in certain dog breeds such as Yorkshire Terriers and to be associated with hypocobalaminemia. The objective was to compare serum cα 1 -PI concentrations in Yorkshire Terriers with and without cobalamin (COB) deficiency. Serum samples from 52 COB-deficient and 69 normocobalaminemic Yorkshire Terriers, which had been submitted to the Gastrointestinal Laboratory (2008–2011; College Station, TX), were included retrospectively. Serum cα 1 -PI concentrations were measured using an in-house radioimmunoassay and compared between Yorkshire Terriers with and without COB deficiency using a Mann–Whitney U test. A Fisher exact test was used to evaluate whether a decreased serum cα 1 -PI concentration is associated with COB deficiency in Yorkshire Terriers. Serum cα 1 -PI concentrations were significantly lower in COB-deficient Yorkshire Terriers (median: 1,016 mg/l, range: 315–3,945 mg/l) than in normocobalaminemic Yorkshire Terriers (median: 1,665 mg/l, range: 900–2,970 mg/l; P < 0.0001). One-fourth ( n = 13) of the COB-deficient Yorkshire Terriers had a serum cα 1 -PI concentration below the lower limit of the reference interval (<732 mg/l), and COB deficiency was associated with decreased serum cα 1 -PI concentrations ( P < 0.0001). In the current study, serum cα 1 -PI concentrations are significantly lower in COB-deficient Yorkshire Terriers when compared to normocobalaminemic Yorkshire Terriers. Further studies are needed to determine the functional and potential prognostic implications of serum cα 1 -PI concentrations in dogs with gastrointestinal disease.