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Vaccine-Acquired Rotavirus in Infants with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency

2010; Massachusetts Medical Society; Volume: 362; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1056/nejmoa0904485

1533-4406

Niraj Patel, Paula M. Hertel, Mary K. Estes, Maite de la Morena, Ann Petru, Lenora M. Noroski, Paula A. Revell, I. Celine Hanson, Mary E. Paul, Howard M. Rosenblatt, Stuart L. Abramson,

Animal Virus Infections Studies

Live pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine is recommended in the United States for routine immunization of infants. We describe three infants, two with failure to thrive, who had dehydration and diarrhea within 1 month after their first or second rotavirus immunization and subsequently received a diagnosis of severe combined immunodeficiency. Rotavirus was detected, by means of reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay, in stool specimens obtained from all three infants, and gene-sequence analysis revealed the presence of vaccine rotavirus. These infections raise concerns regarding the safety of rotavirus vaccine in severely immunocompromised patients.