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Suicide by intentional ingestion of pesticides: a continuing tragedy in developing countries

2003; Oxford University Press; Volume: 32; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/ije/dyg307

1464-3685

David Gunnell, Michael Eddleston,

Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity

Deliberate self-poisoning has become an increasingly common response to emotional distress in young adults, 1 and it is now one of the most frequent reasons for emergency hospital admission. 2In industrialized countries, the drugs that people commonly take in overdose-analgesics, tranquillisers, antidepressants 3are relatively non-toxic.The estimated case fatality for overdose in England, for example, is around 0.5%. 4Most individuals who self-harm do not intend to die.Studies carried out in industrialized countries have found that only 2% go on to commit suicide in the subsequent 12 months. 5n developing countries the situation is quite different. 6][8][9][10][11] Overall case fatality ranges from 10% to 20%. 12 For this reason, deaths from pesticide poisoning make a major contribution to patterns of suicide in developing nations, particularly in rural areas. 6In rural China, for example, pesticides account for over 60% of suicides. 8Similarly high proportions of suicides are due to pesticides in rural areas of Sri Lanka (71%), 13 Trinidad (68%), 14 and Malaysia (Ͼ90%). 10There is, however, no evidence that levels of suicidal intent associated with pesticide ingestion in these countries are any higher than those associated with drug overdose in industrialized countries, where the drugs taken in overdose are less toxic.