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Detrital modes and provenance of the Paleogene Khojak Formation in Pakistan: Implications for early Himalayan orogeny and unroofing

2001; Geological Society of America; Volume: 113; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1130/0016-7606(2001)113 2.0.co;2

1943-2674

Mazhar Qayyum, Alan Niem, Robert D. Lawrence,

High-pressure geophysics and materials

Research Article| March 01, 2001 Detrital modes and provenance of the Paleogene Khojak Formation in Pakistan: Implications for early Himalayan orogeny and unroofing Mazhar Qayyum; Mazhar Qayyum 1Fold-Fault Research Project, Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Alan R. Niem; Alan R. Niem 2Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-5506, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Robert D. Lawrence Robert D. Lawrence 2Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-5506, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar GSA Bulletin (2001) 113 (3): 320–332. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2001)113 2.0.CO;2 Article history received: 30 Jul 1999 rev-recd: 22 Feb 2000 accepted: 28 Feb 2000 first online: 01 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Mazhar Qayyum, Alan R. Niem, Robert D. Lawrence; Detrital modes and provenance of the Paleogene Khojak Formation in Pakistan: Implications for early Himalayan orogeny and unroofing. GSA Bulletin 2001;; 113 (3): 320–332. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2001)113 2.0.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract Different tectonic settings have characteristic detrital modes and sediment-dispersal patterns. Detrital modes and sediment-dispersal patterns of the siliciclastic Khojak Formation in the Katawaz basin, Pakistan, suggest that its sand was derived from the early Himalayan orogen and longitudinally transported to the Katawaz remnant ocean, where it was deposited as a delta−submarine-fan complex. Modal analysis of the Khojak Formation suggests composition that is dominated by subangular quartz with abundant lithic fragments and minor feldspar, i.e., Qt60F9L31 (Qt, total quartz; F, feldspar; L, lithic fragments). The predominance of quartz, sedimentary, and low-grade metamorphic lithic fragments suggests early derivation from a collision orogen; scarcity of detrital feldspar and volcanic lithic fragments precludes a magmatic arc as the main source. The decrease in monocrystalline quartz, concomitant increase in total lithic percentages, and relative abundance of low-grade metamorphic lithic fragments from the bottom to the top of the Khojak Formation reflect progressive erosional history of the early Himalaya. This history is part of a previously known major unroofing trend collectively depicted by the detrital modes of the Murree Formation, Siwalik Group, and the modern Indus fan in the Indian Ocean. These detrital modes are also related in time and space. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.