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Embryogénèse somatique directe à partir de cultures d'anthères du Cichorium (Asteraceae)

1989; Canadian Science Publishing; Volume: 67; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1139/b89-129

1480-3305

M. Guedira, Thérèse Dubois-Tylski, Jean‐Jacques Vasseur, Jean Dubois,

Seed Germination and Physiology

Somatic embryoids and diploid plants have been obtained directly from anther cultures of an hybrid Cichorium intybus L. × Cichorium endivia L. maintained by micropropagation. Anthers at tetrad and microspore stages were the most reactive. Darkness and high temperature (35 °C) were necessary to obtain somatic embryo development on a medium with naphthylacetic acid (0.02 mg ∙ L −1 ) and 6-(dimethylallylamino)-purine (0.5 mg ∙ L −1 ). A combination of glutamine and ammonium nitrate was the most suitable nitrogen source. A short induction time (10 days) allowed the embryoids to grow into adult plants. Most plants from the somaclonal population derived from these embryoids showed a good phenotypic conformity, and some variants showed a large anthocyanic vein or narrow and incised leaves. Key words: somatic embryos, anthers, Cichorium, in vitro culture.