DNA-DNA Hybridization Evidence for Subfamily Structure among Hummingbirds
1994; Oxford University Press; Volume: 111; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2307/4088500
ISSN1938-4254
AutoresRobert Bleiweiss, Juan Carlos Matheus,
Tópico(s)Plant and animal studies
ResumoWe used DNA-DNA hybridization to determine large-scale phylogenetic structure among hummingbirds (Trochilidae). Analyses of complete matrices of ΔTm and ΔTmode statistics among eight hummingbird genera and a swift generated the same fully resolved topology, which bootstrapping and jackknifing analyses supported at the 100% level. The data are consistent with monophyly for the traditional hermit (Phaethornithinae) and nonhermit (Trochilinae) subfamilies, and with placement of the hermitlike Tooth-billed Hummingbird (Androdon aequatorialis) and Green-fronted Lancebill (Doryfera ludoviciae) among trochilines. Among the trochilines examined, D. ludoviciae is more closely related to the Sparkling Violet-ear (Colibri coruscans) than to A. aequatorialis, and the Collared Inca (Coeligena torquata) is the sister group to these three. Among the hermits examined, the White-tipped Sicklebill (Eutoxeres aquila) represents the first branch, followed by the White-whiskered Hermit (Phaethornis yaruqui), and the closely related Bronzy Hermit (Glaucis aenea) and Bandtailed Barbthroat (Threnetes ruckeri). Evolutionary rate estimates from ΔTm trees corrected for nonadditivity indicate significant rate variation among lineages. Calibration of divergence times with the earliest-known fossil swift suggests that the diverse Andean radiation of trochilines is comprised of at least two lineages (C. torquata, D. ludoviciae/C. coruscans) whose origins date to a period of uplift during the mid-Miocene.
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