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Trends in energy intake among adults in the United States: findings from NHANES

2013; Elsevier BV; Volume: 97; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3945/ajcn.112.052662

1938-3207

Earl S. Ford, William H. Dietz,

Health and Lifestyle Studies

Energy intake is a key determinant of weight. Our objective was to examine trends in energy intake in adults in the United States from 1971–1975 to 2009–2010. The study was a trend analysis of 9 national surveys in the United States that included data from 63,761 adults aged 20–74 y. Adjusted mean energy intake increased from 1955 kcal/d during 1971–1975 to 2269 kcal/d during 2003–2004 and then declined to 2195 kcal/d during 2009–2010 (P-linear trend < 0.001, P-nonlinear trend < 0.001). During the period from 1999–2000 to 2009–2010, no significant linear trend in energy intake was observed (P = 0.058), but a significant nonlinear trend was noted (P = 0.042), indicating a downward trend in energy intake. Significant decreases in energy intake from 1999–2000 to 2009–2010 were noted for participants aged 20–39 y, men, women, and participants with a BMI (in kg/m2) of 18.5 to <25 and ≥30. After decades of increases, mean energy intake has decreased significantly since 2003–2004.