Artigo Revisado por pares

TORULOSIS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND REPORT OF FIVE CASES

1950; American College of Physicians; Volume: 32; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.7326/0003-4819-32-6-1153

ISSN

1539-3704

Autores

WilliamH. Mosberg, Jenny Arnold,

Tópico(s)

Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases

Resumo

Article1 June 1950TORULOSIS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND REPORT OF FIVE CASESWILLIAM H. MOSBERG JR., M.D., JAMES G. ARNOLD JR., M.D.WILLIAM H. MOSBERG JR., M.D., JAMES G. ARNOLD JR., M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-32-6-1153 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTorulosis of the central nervous system has been known for more than half a century and has been reported from almost every country in the world. As early as 1861, Zenker107reported the case of a man who died as the result of a fungus infection of the central nervous system. It is possible that the causative organism in this case wasTorula histolytica. Von Hansemann101in 1905 reported a case of meningitis in which small gelatinous cysts containing yeast cells were present in the meninges. In 1916, Stoddard and Cutler's monograph91established the clinical and pathological picture of torulosis....Bibliography1. Acanfora G: Chemotherapeutic influence of certain dyes on the development of blastomycosis, in vitro experiments, Gior. di batteriol. e immunol. 14: 333-351, 1935. Google Scholar2. AllenLowbeer VKT: Rectal ulcers with perirectal fistula as port of entrance for Torula (histolytica) encephalitis, South M. J. 38: 565-569, 1945. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. AlvarezMcAlpine DJJG: Unpublished work. Google Scholar4. Ball HA: Human Torula infections: A review, California and West. Med. 32: 338, 1930. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. Barer (Cited by Roger, Poursines, Pitot and Tempier.) Google Scholar6. BeckMuntz EMHH: Experimental therapy of generalized torulosis in rats with streptomycin, J. Lab. and Clin. Med. 33: 1159-1160, 1948. MedlineGoogle Scholar7. BeckVoyles EMGQ: Systemic infection due to Torula histolytica (Cryptococcus hominis); effect of chemotherapeutic agents (potassium iodide, sulfadiazine and sulfonamide) in experimentally produced infections, Arch. Int. Med. 77: 516-525, 1946. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. Benham R: Morphology and agglutinations of Torula, J. Infect. Dis. 57: 255-274, 1935. CrossrefGoogle Scholar9. Berghausen O: Torula infection in man, Ann. Int. Med. 1: 235, 1927. LinkGoogle Scholar10. Binford CH: Torulosis of the central nervous system; review of recent literature and report of a case, Am. J. Clin. Path. 11: 242, 1941. CrossrefGoogle Scholar11. BrewerWood GEFC: Blastomycosis of the spine; double lesions: two operations; recovery, Ann. Surg. 48: 889, 1908. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. BurgerMorton RECB: Torula infection; review and report of four cases, Surgery 15: 312-325, 1944. Google Scholar13. Burton RM: Lead encephalopathy, complicating Torula infection, West Virginia M. J. 37: 212-214, 1941. Google Scholar14. Caldwell GT: Systemic cryptococcus; with report of a case, Texas State J. Med. 33: 310, 1937. Google Scholar15. Champion de Crespigny CT: Torula infection of the central nervous system; G. E. Rennie Memorial Lecture, M. J. Australia 2: 605-615, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar16. Cloward RB: Torula meningitis, first case to be reported in Hawaii, Hawaii M. J. 7: 377-381, 1948. MedlineGoogle Scholar17. Cohen M: Binocular papilledema in case of torulosis associated with Hodgkin's disease, Arch. Ophth. 32: 477-479, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar18. ConwayBrady EJT: Mechanism of high acid production by yeast; bearing on hydrochloric acid formation in stomach, Nature, London 159: 137-138, 1947. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar19. Costellano T: Meningoencephalic and pulmonary torulosis; clinical and anatomicopathologic study of case, Rev. Asoc. méd. argent. 58: 1051-1055, 1944. Google Scholar20. CoxTolhurst LBJC: Human torulosis, a clinical, pathological and microbiological study, with a report of 13 cases, 1946, Melbourne University Press. Google Scholar21. CudmoreLisa JHJR: Torula meningo-encephalitis; a case report, Ann. Int. Med. 11: 1747, 1938. LinkGoogle Scholar22. DebreLamyNickGrumbachNormand RMJE: Clinical and experimental study of torulosis; case in child with malignant granulomatosis, Ann. Paediat. 168: 1-33, 1947. MedlineGoogle Scholar23. DebreLamyNickGrumbachNormand RMJE: Development of meningitis due to Torula histolytica in child 12 years old with malignant lymphogranulomatosis, Bull. Acad. de méd., Paris 130: 443-449, 1946. MedlineGoogle Scholar24. DickinsonVeppoNegri GAT: Torulosis del sistema nerviosa central (cerebelo) de forma tumorale, Rev. neurol. de Buenos Aires 7: 147, 1942. Google Scholar25. Dieust RB: Cryptococcus histolyticus isolated from subcutaneous tumor, Arch. Dermat. and Syph. 37: 461-464, 1938. CrossrefGoogle Scholar26. DormerFriedlanderWilesSimpson BAJFJFW: Tumor of lung due to Cryptococcus histolyticus (blastomycosis), J. Thorac. Surg. 14: 322-329, 1945. CrossrefGoogle Scholar27. DormerScher BAP: Tumor of lung due to Cryptococcus histolyticus , Clin. Proc. 6:269-273, 1947. MedlineGoogle Scholar28. Farrer R: Torula meningitis, Roy. Melbourne Hosp., Clin. Rep. 12: 31-32, 1941. Google Scholar29. FitchettWeidman MSFD: Generalized torulosis associated with Hodgkin's disease, Arch. Path. 18: 225, 1934. Google Scholar30. FlinnHookerScott LBJWEG: Torula histolytica (Cryptococcus hominis) infection; case refractory to sulfonamides (sulfathiazole and sulfadiazine), Delaware State M. J. 18: 141-147, 1946. MedlineGoogle Scholar31. Freeman W: Torula meningo-encephalitis: comparative pathology in 19 cases, J. Am. Neurol. A. 65: 203, 1930. Google Scholar32. Freeman W: Torula infection of the central nervous system, Jahrb. f. Psychol. u. neurol. 43: 236, 1931. Google Scholar33. FreemanWeidman WFD: Cystic blastomycosis of the cerebral gray matter caused by Torula histolytica (Stoddard and Cutler), Arch. Neurol. and Psychiat. 9: 589, 1923. CrossrefGoogle Scholar34. GeeversCarterNeubergerSchmidt EFHRDTEA: Roentgenologic and pathologic aspects of pulmonary tumors probably alveolar in origin, with report of case complicated by torulosis of central nervous system, Radiology 44: 319-327, 1945. CrossrefGoogle Scholar35. GeigerWennerAxilrodDurlacher AJHAHDSA: Mycotic endocarditis and meningitis: report of a case due to Monilia albicans , Yale J. Biol. and Med. 18: 259-268, 1946. MedlineGoogle Scholar36. Giudice D: Histopathology of nervous system in experimental torulosis, An. Fac. de med. de Montevideo 31: 100-113, 1946. MedlineGoogle Scholar37. Goldberg FA: Torula meningitis, Memphis M. J. 23: 129-130, 1948. MedlineGoogle Scholar38. Goldberg LH: Infection of central nervous system; case with necropsy findings, J. Lab. and Clin. Med. 26: 299-301, 1940. Google Scholar39. GreeningMenville RRLJ: Roentgen findings in torulosis; 4 cases, Radiology 48: 381-388, 1947. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar40. Hagen WS: Torula histolytica meningoencephalitis; case, spinal fluid studies and autopsy report, Mil. Surg. 94: 29-35, 1944. Google Scholar41. HalpertWilkins BH: Mycotic meningitis due to Candida, J. A. M. A. 130: 932-934, 1946. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar42. HamiltonThompson LCPE: Treatment of meningitis (due to Cryptococcus neoformans or Torula histolytica) with penicillin; case, Am. J. Dis. Child. 72: 334-342, 1946. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar43. HamiltonTyler JBGR: Pulmonary torulosis, Radiology 47: 119-155, 1946. CrossrefGoogle Scholar44. HarfordMartinHagermannWood CGSPPOWB: Treatment of staphylococcic, pneumococcic, and other infections with penicillin, J. A. M. A. 127: 325-329, 1945. CrossrefGoogle Scholar45. Hassin GB: Torulosis of central nervous system, J. Neuropath. and Exper. Neurol. 6: 44-60, 1947. CrossrefGoogle Scholar46. Hoff CL: Immunity studies of Cryptococcus hominis (Torula histolytica) in mice. J. Lab. and Clin. Med. 27: 751-754, 1942. Google Scholar47. Jesse CH: Cryptococcus neoformans infection (torulosis) of bone, J. Bone and Joint Surg. 9: 810, 1947. Google Scholar48. JohnsAttaway FMCL: Report of cases and summary of literature, Am. J. Clin. Path. 3: 459, 1933. CrossrefGoogle Scholar49. Jones EL: Torula infection of the nasopharynx, South. M. J. 20: 120, 1927. CrossrefGoogle Scholar50. JonesKlinck SHGR: Torula histolytica (Cryptococcus hominis) meningitis; case report and therapeutic experiments, Ann. Int. Med. 22: 736-745, 1945. LinkGoogle Scholar51. KesselHoltzwart JFF: Experimental studies with Torula from a knee infection in man, Am. J. Trop. Med. 15: 467, 1935. CrossrefGoogle Scholar52. Kligman AM: Unpublished work. Google Scholar53. KrainerSmallHewlittDeness JMJMABT: Systemic infection with tumor formation in meninges; case, J. Neurol., Neurosurg. and Psychiat. 9: 158-162, 1946. CrossrefGoogle Scholar54. Levin EA: Torula infection of the central nervous system, Arch. Int. Med. 59: 667, 1937. CrossrefGoogle Scholar55. LewinRoux WP: Torula infection of central nervous system; four recent cases, South Africa M. J. 20: 2-5, 1946. MedlineGoogle Scholar56. LewisStubbsNoble JCJJWW: Vitamin synthesis, Arch. Biochem. 4: 389-401, 1944. Google Scholar57. Littman ML: Growth of pathogenic fungi on a new culture medium, Am. J. Clin. Path. 18: 409-420, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar58. LynchRose FBE: Torula meningitis, Ann. Clin. Med. 4: 456, 1926. Google Scholar59. MagerAschner JM: Starch reaction as aid in identification of causative agent of "European blastomycosis" (Torula histolytica), Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med. 62: 71-72, 1946. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar60. Magruder RG: Report of three cases of Torula infection of central nervous system, J. Lab. and Clin. Med. 24: 495-499, 1939. Google Scholar61. MagareyDenton FRPH: Torula histolytica infection of central nervous system, British M. J. 1: 1082, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar62. MarshallTeed MRW: Torula histolytica meningoencephalitis, J. A. M. A. 120: 527, 1942. CrossrefGoogle Scholar63. MartinSmith DSDT: The laboratory diagnosis of blastomycosis, J. Lab. and Clin. Med. 21: 1289, 1936. Google Scholar64. MezeyFowler CMR: Cerebrospinal cryptococcus (due to Cryptococcus neoformans or Torula histolytica), J. A. M. A. 132: 632-634, 1946. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar65. Miale JB: Candida albicans infection confused with tuberculosis, Arch. Path. 35: 427-437, 1943. Google Scholar66. MiderSmithBray GBFDWE: Systemic infection with Cryptococcus neoformans (Torula histolytica) and Histoplasma capsulatum in same patient, Arch. Path. 43: 102-310, 1947. Google Scholar67. Moody AM: Asphyxiai death due to pulmonary cryptococcosis; a case report, Calif. Med. 67: 105-106, 1947. Google Scholar68. MookMoore HWM: Cutaneous torulosis, Arch. Dermat. and Syph. 33: 951, 1936. CrossrefGoogle Scholar69. MurrayFinland RM: Effect of pH on streptomycin activity, Am. J. Clin. Path. 18:247-252, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar70. McGeheeMichelson JLID: Torula infection in man, Surg., Gynec. and Obst. 52: 803, 1926. Google Scholar71. NeuhauserTucker EBA: The roentgen changes produced by diffuse torulosis in the newborn, Am. J. Roentgenol. 59: 805, 1948. Google Scholar72. Nichols IC: Torula meningoencephalitis; report of a case, Rhode Island M. J. 24: 221, 1941. Google Scholar73. O'NeillNewcombNielsen FJALCS: Cryptococcus meningitis; report of a case, Naval M. Bull. 49: 300-305, 1949. MedlineGoogle Scholar74. Piper JE: Torulosis (of cerebrospinal type), case, M. J. Australia 1: 441, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar75. PundVan Wagoner ERFH: Torula meningitis, J. M. A. Ga. 25: 48, 1936. Google Scholar76. RappaportKaplan BZB: Generalized Torula mycosis, Arch. Path. 1: 720, 1926. Google Scholar77. RawsonCollinsGrant AJLHJL: Histoplasmosis and torulosis as causes of adrenal insufficiency, Am. J. M. Sc. 215: 363, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar78. Reale E: A case of meningitis due to the Torula histolytica Morgagni 73: 66, 1931. Google Scholar79. ReevesButtHammack DLEMRW: Torula infection of the lungs and central nervous system; report of six cases with three autopsies, Arch. Int. Med. 68: 57, 1941. CrossrefGoogle Scholar80. RiverosBogginoMayor JV: Blastomycosis due to Torula histolytica; case, Rev. méd. d. Paraguay 3: 95-102, 1946. Google Scholar81. Rhodighiero : Experimental research on mycotoruloid infection, Valsalva No. 10, 501-513, 1934. Google Scholar82. RogerPoursinesPitotTempier HY: Meningoencephalitis in form of acute intracranial hypertension due to Torula: anatomico-clinical study, Rev. Neurol. 74: 333-334, 1942. Google Scholar83. SampsonFarren BFJE: Another case of Torula meningitis, South African M. J. 16: 245, 1942. Google Scholar84. SchmidtAlvarezMcElwain EGDJNF: Unpublished work. Google Scholar85. ShapiroNeal LLJB: Torula meningitis, Arch. Neurol. and Psychiat. 13: 174, 1925. CrossrefGoogle Scholar86. SkinnerEmmonsTsuchiya CCCWHM: Henrici's molds, yeasts, and actinomycetes, 2nd Ed., 1947, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, pages 309-310. Google Scholar87. SmithCrawford FJ: Fatal granulomatosis of the central nervous system due to yeast (Torula), J. Path. and Bact. 33: 29, 1930. Google Scholar88. SmithSano LWM: Moniliasis with meningeal involvement, J. Infect. Dis. 53: 187-196, 1933. CrossrefGoogle Scholar89. SosaSotello JMJR: Histologic study of first Uruguayan case of torulosis, An. Fac. de med. de Montevideo 31: 971-988, 1946. Google Scholar90. StilesCurtiss WWAN: Torula meningo-encephalitis; report of a case: Observation of the cerebrospinal fluid, J. A. M. A. 116: 1633, 1941. CrossrefGoogle Scholar91. StoddardCutler JLEC: Torula infection in man, Studies from the Rockefeller Institute for Med. Res. Reprints, 25: 1, 1916. Google Scholar92. StoneSturdivant WJBF: Meningo-encephalitis due to Torula histolytica , Arch. Int. Med. 44: 560, 1929. CrossrefGoogle Scholar93. SwansonSmith HSWA: Torula granuloma simulating cerebral tumor; two cases, Arch. Neurol. and Psychiat. 51: 426-431, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar94. Timerman HJ: Fatal case of yeast meningitis in pregnancy, Am. J. Obst. and Gynec. 31: 686, 1936. CrossrefGoogle Scholar95. TinneySchmidt WSHW: Torula infection, M. Clin. North Am. 28: 950-956, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar96. ToddHermann RLWW: Life cycle of organism (Torula histolytica) causing yeast meningitis, J. Bact. 32: 89-103, 1936. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar97. Toone EC: Torula histolytica (Blastomycoides histolytica) meningitis; report of a case with recovery, Virginia M. Monthly 68: 405, 1941. Google Scholar98. Torrey FA: Cutaneous torulosis in a patient with Hodgkin's disease, Arch. Dermat. and Syph. 55: 738, 1947. Google Scholar99. Tronconi V: Further studies on experimental torulosis of nervous system, Riv. di Pat. Veno 47: 504-525, 1936. Google Scholar100. Turk W: Ein Fall Von Hefeinfektion (Saccharomykose) der Meningen, Arch. f. klin. Med. 90: 335, 1907. Google Scholar101. Von Hansemann D: Ueber eine bisher nicht beobachtete Gehirnkrankung durch Hefen, Verhandl. d. deutsch. path. Gesellsch. 9: 21, 1905. Google Scholar102. VoylesBeck GQEM: Systemic infection due to Torula histolytica (Cryptococcus hominis): report of 4 cases and review of literature, Arch. Int. Med. 77: 504-515, 1946. CrossrefGoogle Scholar103. WadeStevenson LJLD: Torula infection, Yale J. Biol. and Med. 13: 467-476, 1941. MedlineGoogle Scholar104. WarviRawson WNRW: Torula meningitis, Arch. Int. Med. 69: 90, 1942. CrossrefGoogle Scholar105. Weidman FD: Cutaneous torulosis, South. M. J. 26: 851, 1933. CrossrefGoogle Scholar106. Wile UJ: Cutaneous torulosis, Arch. Dermat. and Syph. 31: 58, 1935. CrossrefGoogle Scholar107. Zenker : Encephalitis mit Pilzentwickelung im Gehirn, Jahresb. d. Gesellsch. f. Natur-u. Heilk. in Dresden, 62: 51, 1861. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Maryland*Received for publication July 2, 1949.From the Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPopulation Pharmacokinetic Model and Meta-analysis of Outcomes of Amphotericin B Deoxycholate Use in Adults with Cryptococcal MeningitisOpportunistic InfectionsSurveillance of Cryptococcosis in Alabama, 1992–1994Opportunistic/nosocomial infections. Treatment and developmental therapeutics. I. CryptococcosisCryptococcal Infection of the Central Nervous SystemFungal Infections in the Immunocompromised HostComputed tomography of intracerebral torulomaOpportunistic Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients with Leukaemia and LymphomaCerebral cryptococcosis in Malaysia.Processos inflamatorios cronicos do sistema nervoso central: aspectos neurocirurgicosEntzündliche KnochenerkrankungenTorulomas (cryptococcal granulomata) of the central nervous systemThe wide spectrum of cryptococcal infectionsMollaret's meningitis and differential diagnosis of recurrent meningitisCryptococcosisCryptococcosisCerebral candidiasis: case report of brain abscess secondary to Candida albicans, and review of literatureAmphotericin B in Cryptococcal Meningitis Long-Term Results of TreatmentGEORGE A. SAROSI, M.D., JAMES D. PARKER, M.D., IRENE L. DOTO, M.A., FRED E. TOSH, M.D.Cryptococcal spinal arachnoiditis.Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Cryptococcal MeningitisA review of fungus infections of the central nervous systemDie tierischen Parasiten und Pilzinfektionen im zentralen NervensystemDie psychischen Störungen bei Infektions- und TropenkrankheitenYellow spinal fluidDas kulturell-biochemische und serologische Verhalten der Cryptococcus-GruppeRESECTION IN PULMONARY CRYPTOCOCCOSIS (TORULOSIS)Die Pilzerkrankungen der LungePilzerkrankungenPulmonary CryptococcosisCRYPTOCOCCUS RENAL INFECTION: REPORT OF A CASE*ALFRED P. SPIVACK, M.D., JAY A. NADEL, M.D., GEORGE M. EISENBERG, D.SC.A case of coexistent non-meningitic cryptococcosis and Boeck's sarcoidCryptococcosisTORULOSIS IN QUEENSLAND: REPORT OF FOURTEEN CASESCriptococose do sistema nervoso central. Registro de um casoTherapy of the malignant lymphomasGranulome bei MykosenCRYPTOCOCCOSIS: CLINICAL FEATURES AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS*DONALD R. NICHOLS, M.D., WILLIAM J. MARTIN, M.D.PULMONARY TORULOSIS COMPLICATING PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS TREATED BY RESECTIONCryptococcosis (Torulosis) Involving the Brain, Adrenal and ProstateTORULOSISASEPTIC MENINGITIS, A DISEASE OF DIVERSE ETIOLOGY: CLINICAL AND ETIOLOGIC STUDIES ON 854 CASES*CHARLES V. ADAIR, ROSS L. GAULD, M.D., JOSEPH E. SMADEL, M.D.TREATMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CRYPTOCOCCOSIS: A REVIEW AND REPORT OF FOUR CASES TREATED WITH ACTIDIONE*CHARLES A. CARTON, M.D.Die MykosenDie MykosenThe coincidence of cryptococcosis and disease of the reticulo-endothelial and lymphatic systemsTORULOSIS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMDie Torulopsis neoformans-InfektionTorula Granuloma of the Cervical Spinal CordTorula meningoencephalitis 1 June 1950Volume 32, Issue 6Page: 1153-1183KeywordsCellsCentral nervous systemMeningesMeningitisSurgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1950 PDF downloadLoading ...

Referência(s)