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A multivariate statistical approaches on physicochemical characteristics of ground water in and around Nagapattinam district, Cauvery deltaic region of Tamil Nadu, India

2013; National University of Colombia; Volume: 17; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

2339-3459

Venkatramanan Senapathi, Sang Yong Chung, T. Ramkumar, Gnanachandrasamy Gopalakrishnan, S. Vasudevan,

Groundwater and Watershed Analysis

Ground water samples collected at different locations in and around the Nagapattinam district were analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. The ground water samples were collected from fifty two dug and deep wells during the monsoon and summer seasons in June and December, 2011. The present investigation is focused on the determination of physico-chemical parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO 3 , SO 4 and Cl. Ground water suitability for drinking, domestic and agri- cultural purposes was examined by using WHO standards. Correlation, factor and cluster analyses were applied to classify the ground water qualities and to categorize the geochemical processes controlling ground water geochemistry. Factor analysis indicates that seawater intrusion and agriculture runoff are dominant factors controlling the hydrogeochemistry of ground water in the study area. Cluster analysis was helpful for the classification on the basis of contamination characteristics of ground water quality. This study also elucidates that multivariate statistical analyses can be used to improve the understanding of ground water status and assessment of ground water quality. Resumen En este estudio se analizan las caracteristicas fisicoquimicas de muestras de aguas subterraneas tomadas en diferentes locaciones en y alrededor del distrito de Nagapattinam. Las muestras se recolectaron en 52 pozos cavados y perforaciones profundas durante las subestaciones del monzon y el verano, en los meses de junio y diciembre (2011). La presente investigacion esta enfocada en la determinacion de parametros fisicoquimicos como pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO 3 , SO 4 y Cl. Se examino la pertinencia de estas aguas para consumo y para irrigacion a la luz de los estandares de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud. Se aplicaron analisis de correlacion, factores y cumulos para clasificar las muestras y categorizar los procesos geoquimicos que controlan las aguas subterraneas. El analisis de factores indica que la intrusion del agua marina y los vertidos de la agricultura son los principales agentes que intervienen la hidroqui- mica de las aguas subterraneas en el area de estudio. El analisis de cumulos ayudo a la clasificacion de las bases de contaminacion caracteristicas de las aguas subterraneas. Este estudio, ademas, dilucida que los estudios estadisticos multivariantes pueden ser utilizados para mejorar el conocimiento y la evaluacion de la calidad de las aguas subterraneas.