Stand By To Repel Historians: Modern Scholarship and Caribbean Pirates, 1650‐1725
1984; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 46; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1111/j.1540-6563.1984.tb01595.x
ISSN1540-6563
Autores Tópico(s)Caribbean history, culture, and politics
ResumoClick to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1. Information on the many editions of Exquemelin can be obtained from the National Maritime Museum Catalog of the Library, vol. 4, Piracy and Privateering (London: H.M.S.O., 1972), 51–60. The most convenient edition for scholarly purposes is Buccaneers of America (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1969). The Penguin edition is easily available, contains a helpful introduction by Jack Beeching, and has the advantage of being a direct translation from the original Dutch.2. The best edition of Defoe for scholarly purposes is A General History of the Pyrates, ed. Manuel Schonhorn (Columbia, S.C.: University of South Carolina Press, 1972). Schonhorn provides a valuable set of introductory notes and a good deal of information on the seventeenth‐ and eighteenth‐century newspapers that Defoe used as sources. He also includes material on the various editions of the General History. More information on the numerous editions of the work is included in Piracy and Privateering, 83–97. The General History is alphabetized in Piracy and Privateering under the name of Captain Charles Johnson, the author listed on the title page of the first and most subsequent editions. There is little doubt that Daniel Defoe was the author. For extensive discussion on the Johnson‐Defoe mystery, see John R. Moore, Defoe in the Pillory and Other Studies, in Indiana University Publications, Humanities Series, no. 1 (Bloomington: University of Indiana, 1939).3. C. H. Haring, The Buccaneers in the West Indies in the Seventeenth Century (London: Methuen, 1910).4. Calendar of State Papers. Colonial Series. America and the West Indies (London: H.M.S.O.).5. Some of the narratives Haring occasionally used were William Dampier's Voyages, ed. J. Masefield, 2 vols. (London: E. Grant Richards, 1906); Bartholomew Sharp, The Voyages and Adventures of Captain B. Sharp and Others, in the South Sea: Being a Journal of the Same (London, 1684); and Lionel Wafer, A New Voyage and Description of the Isthmus of America (London, 1699). See also Haring, Buccaneers, chap. 5.6. Ibid., 186.7. Violet Barbour, “Privateers and Pirates of the West Indies,”American Historical Review 16 (April 1911): 529–66.8. Haring, Buccaneers, 195.9. Ibid., 216.10. Barbour, “Privateers and Pirates,”passim.11. Philip H. Gosse, The Pirates' Who's Who (London: Dulau and Co., 1924); My Pirate Library (London: Dulau and Co., 1926); A Bibliography of the Works of Captain Charles Johnson (London: Dulau and Co., 1927); The History of Piracy (London: Longmans Green, 1932).12. Gosse, Pirates' Who's Who, 223.13. J. Franklin Jameson, Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period, Illustrative Documents (New York: Macmillan, 1923). At almost the same time that Jameson produced his collection of materials, Charles M. Hough was working on a book that, while not dealing directly with West Indian marauding, would provide additional data for scholars engaged in research on the subject. See his Cases in Vice‐Admiralty, 1715–1788 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1925); see also Evelyn Berckman, Victims of Piracy, The Admiralty Court (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1979).14. In Jameson, Privateering and Piracy, 134.15. Examples of reprints published during the period are William Dampier, Voyages and Discoveries (London: Argonaut Press, 1931); Woodes Rogers, A Cruising Voyage Round the World (New York: Longmans, 1928); and two editions of an account by George Shelvocke, the first a complete publication of his Voyage Around the World (London: Cassell and Company, 1930) and the other an abrdgment entitled A Privateer's Voyage Round the World (New York: Jonathan Cape, 1930). Raveneau de Lussan, Raveneau de Lussan, Buccaneer of the Spanish Main and Early French Filibuster of the Pacific (Cleveland: Arthur H. Clark, 1930).16. Maurice Besson, The Scourge of the Indies: Buccaneers, Corsairs, and Filibusters (New York: Random House, 1929).17. W. Clark, William Dampier (London: Macmillan, 1925); Clennell Wilkinson, Dampier, Explorer and Buccaneer (New York: Harper, 1929); W. H. Bonner, Captain William Dampier, Buccaneer‐Author (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1934).18. Francis R. Hart, Admirals of the Caribbean (London: Allen and Unwin, 1923), 42–108.19. Ibid., 107. In addition to the more frequently used sources, Hart also examined state papers dealing with Spain, minutes in the Council Book of Jamaica, and the court records of the libel action begun by Morgan against the English publishers of Exquemelin's narrative.20. E. A. Cruikshank, The Life of Sir Henry Morgan With an Account of the English Settlement of the Island of Jamaica, 1655–1688 (Toronto: Macmillan, 1935). A biographical sketch on Morgan was published at almost the same time in Frank Cundall's Governors of Jamaica in the Seventeenth Century (London: West India Committee, 1936), 56–76. There is considerable factual information on the Morgan family in the piece, and it also includes texts of several minor documents.21. Dudley Pope, The Buccaneer King, The Biography of Sir Henry Morgan, 1635–1688 (New York: Dodd Mead, 1977).22. J. H. Parry and P. M. Sherlock, A Short History of the West Indies (London: Macmillan, 1968).23. Richard S. Dunn, Sugar and Slaves: The Rise of the Planter Class in the English West Indies, 1624–1713 (New York: Norton, 1972), xv.24. A. P. Thornton, West‐India Policy under the Restoration (Oxford: Clarendon, 1956).25. For a comprehensive discussion of problems in using Defoe's General History as a source, see the introduction to the Schonhorn edition.26. Some of the more well known first‐person narratives or accounts written from manuscript narratives are William Betagh, A Voyage Round the World (London, 1719); Edward Cooke, A Voyage to the South Sea and Round the World (London: B. Lintot and R. Gosling, 1712); Dampier, Voyages; William Hacke, A Collection of Original Voyages (London: James Knapton, 1699); Jean‐Baptiste Labat, Nouveau voyage aux isles de l'Amerique (La Haye: P. Lusson, 1724); Woodes Rogers, A Cruising Voyage Round the World (London: Bell and Lintot, 1712); and Wafer, A New Voyage. One of the most spectacular first‐person narratives of piracy is that by Louis Adhémar Timothée Le Golif. Unfortunately, there is some doubt about the authenticity of his Memoirs of a Buccaneer (London: Allen and Unwin. 1954), but if the manuscript could be authenticated it would be one of the great pirate tales.27. Archibald Hurd, Reign of the Pirates (London: Health Cranton, 1925).28. Patrick Pringle, Jolly Roger: The Story of the Great Age of Piracy (New York: Norton, 1953); Hugh F. Rankin, The Golden Age of Piracy (Williamsburg, Va.: Colonial Williamsburg, 1969).29. David Mitchell, Pirates (New York: Dial Press, 1976); Douglas Botting and the editors of Time‐Life Books, The Pirates (Alexandria, Va.: Time‐Life Books, 1978).30. Alexander Winston, No Purchase, No Pay (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1970).31. Peter Gerhard, Pirates on the West Coast of New Spain, 1575–1742 (Glendale, Calif.: Arthur H. Clark, 1960); Peter Kemp and Christopher Lloyd, Brethren of the Coast, The British and French Buccaneers in the South Seas (London: Heinemann, 1960).32. A description of the manuscript and its contents are provided in B.M.H. Rogers's “Dampier's Voyage of 1703,” Mariner's Mirror 10 (1924): 366–81.33. Robert Lee, Blackbeard the Pirate (Winston‐Salem, N.C.: John Blair, 1974). Two of Lee's more useful sources are “Blackbeard Legends Giving Way,”Yearbook of the Pasquotauk Historical Society (Elizabeth City, N.C.: By the Society, 1955), 66–67, and “Blackbeard Legends Giving Way to Fact,”News and Observer (Raleigh, N.C.), 14 December 1912, sec. 4, p. 12.34. Leon Rosenthal, “Blackbeard: Cardboard Corsair,” American History Illustrated 3 (1968): 4–9, 45–47.35. William H. Bonner, Pirate Laureate: The Life and Legends of Captain Kidd (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1947); Ralph Paine, Book of Buried Treasure (New York: Sturgis and Walton, 1911); Cornelius Dalton, The Real Captain Kidd‐A Vindication (New York: Duffield and Co., 1911); Harold Wilkins, Captain Kidd and His Skeleton Island (London: Cassel and Co., 1935); George Dow and John Edmund, Pirates of the New England Coast (Salem, Mass.: Marine Research Society, 1923); Don Seitz, The Trial of Captain Kidd (New York: R. R. Wilson, 1936).36. Stanley Richards, Black Bart (Llandybie, Carmarthenshire: Christopher Davis, 1966).37. Christopher Lloyd, “Bartholomew Sharp, Buccaneer,” Mariner's Mirror 42 (1956): 291–301.38. Ibid., 291–92, 293, 297–301.39. Bertram, M. H. Rogers, “The Privateering Voyage of the Tartar of Bristol,” Mariner's Mirror 17 (1931): 322–24; “Woodes Rogers' Privateering Voyage of 1708–11,”Mariner's Mirror 19 (1933): 196–211.40. The article appears in American Neptune 37 (1977): 40–49; Marcus Rediker, “'Under the Banner of King Death': The Social World of Anglo‐American Pirates,”William and Mary Quarterly 38 (1981): 203–27; Ralph Davis, The Rise of the English Shipping Industry (London: David and Charles, 1962); The Rise of the Atlantic Economies (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1973). See also B.R. Burg, Sodomy and the Perception of Evil: English Sea Rovers in the Seventeenth Century Caribbean (New York: New York University Press, 1983).41. Cyrus Karraker, Piracy Was a Business (Rinde, N.H.: Richard Smith, 1953).42. G. N. Clark, “English and Dutch Privateers under William III,”Mariner's Mirror 7 (1921): 162–67, 209–17; James Lyndon, Pirates, Privateers and Profits (Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Gregg Press, 1970); Douglass C. North, “Sources of Productivity Change in Ocean Shipping, 1600–1850,” in The Reinterpretation of American Economic History, ed. Robert William Fogel and Stanley Engerman (New York: Harper and Row, 1971); for other interpretations of the economic effects of piracy on shipping patterns, see Bernard and Lotte Bailyn, Massachusetts Shipping, 1697–1714 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1969); Gary Walton, “Sources of Productivity Change in American Colonial Shipping, 1675–1775,”Economic History Review, April 1967, 67–78; James Shepherd, “Commodity Exports from the British North American Colonies to Overseas Areas, 1768–1772: Magnitudes and Patterns of Trade,”Explorations in Economic History, Fall 1970, 5–76.
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