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Enantiocomplementary Enzymes: Classification, Molecular Basis for Their Enantiopreference, and Prospects for Mirror‐Image Biotransformations

2008; Wiley; Volume: 47; Issue: 46 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/anie.200705159

1521-3773

Paul F. Mugford, Ulrike Wagner, Yun Jiang, Kurt Faber, Romas J. Kazlauskas,

Enzyme Structure and Function

Abstract One often‐cited weakness of biocatalysis is the lack of mirror‐image enzymes for the formation of either enantiomer of a product in asymmetric synthesis. Enantiocomplementary enzymes exist as the solution to this problem in nature. These enzyme pairs, which catalyze the same reaction but favor opposite enantiomers, are not mirror‐image molecules; however, they contain active sites that are functionally mirror images of one another. To create mirror‐image active sites, nature can change the location of the binding site and/or the location of key catalytic groups. In this Minireview, X‐ray crystal structures of enantiocomplementary enzymes are surveyed and classified into four groups according to how the mirror‐image active sites are formed.