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Antidepressant‐like effect of bis ‐eugenol in the mice forced swimming test: evidence for the involvement of the monoaminergic system

2012; Wiley; Volume: 27; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/j.1472-8206.2012.01058.x

1472-8206

Jeferson Falcão do Amaral, Maria Izabel Gomès Silva, Manuel Rufino de Aquino Neto, Brinell Arcanjo Moura, Alyne Mara Rodrigues de Carvalho, Patrícia Freire de Vasconcelos, José Maria Barbosa‐Filho, Stanley Juan Chavéz Gutierrez, Silvânia Maria Mendes Vasconcelos, Danielle S. Macêdo, Francisca Cléa Florenço de Sousa,

Phenothiazines and Benzothiazines Synthesis and Activities

Abstract Dehydrodieugenol, known as bis ‐eugenol, is a eugenol ortho dimer, and both compounds were able to exhibit anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities in previous studies. Furthermore, eugenol showed antidepressant‐like effect; however, the biological actions of bis ‐eugenol on experimental models for screening antidepressant activity are still unknown. The present study investigated a possible antidepressant‐like activity of bis ‐eugenol in the forced swimming test ( FST ) and tail suspension test ( TST ) in mice and the involvement in the monoaminergic system in this effect. In addition, a neurochemical analysis on brain monoamines of mice acutely treated with bis ‐eugenol was also conducted. Bis ‐eugenol decreased the immobility time in the FST and TST without accompanying changes in ambulation in the open field test at 10 mg/kg, i.p.. Nevertheless, it induced ambulation at 25 and 50 mg/kg doses. The anti‐immobility effect of bis ‐eugenol (10 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) was prevented by pretreatment of mice with p‐chlorophenylalanine ( PCPA , 100 mg/kg, i.p., an inhibitor of serotonin synthesis, for four consecutive days), yohimbine (1 mg/kg, i.p., an α2‐adrenoceptor antagonist), SCH 23390 (15 μg/kg, s.c., a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist) and sulpiride (50 mg/kg, i.p., a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist). Monoamines analysis using high‐performance liquid chromatograph revealed significant increase in the 5‐ HT , NE and DA levels in brain striatum. The present study indicates that bis ‐eugenol possesses antidepressant‐like activity in FST and TST by altering dopaminergic, serotonergic and noradrenergic systems function.