Artigo Revisado por pares

Melting of H 2 SO 4 ⋅4H 2 O Particles upon Cooling: Implications for Polar Stratospheric Clouds

1996; American Association for the Advancement of Science; Volume: 272; Issue: 5268 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1126/science.272.5268.1638

ISSN

1095-9203

Autores

Thomas Koop, K. S. Carslaw,

Tópico(s)

Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics

Resumo

Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are important for the chemical activation of chlorine compounds and subsequent ozone depletion. Solid PSCs can form on sulfuric acid tetrahydrate (SAT) (H2SO4·4H2O) nuclei, but recent laboratory experiments have shown that PSC nucleation on SAT is strongly hindered. A PSC formation mechanism is proposed in which SAT particles melt upon cooling in the presence of HNO3 to form liquid HNO3-H2SO4-H2O droplets 2 to 3 kelvin above the ice frost point. This mechanism offers a PSC formation temperature that is defined by the ambient conditions and sets a temperature limit below which PSCs should form.

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