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The efficacy of superactivated charcoal in treating rats exposed to a lethal oral dose of potassium cyanide

1988; Elsevier BV; Volume: 17; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s0196-0644(88)80399-8

1097-6760

Richard J. Lambert, Barbara L Kindler, David J. Schaeffer,

Cassava research and cyanide

Due to the apparent low binding capacity of activated charcoal for potassium cyanide (KCN) in vitro, the use of oral activated charcoal therapy for oral exposure to cyanide compounds is controversial. In our study, rats were given a lethal oral dose of ground granular KCN (35 or 40 mg/kg) in a gelatin capsule followed immediately by either 4 g/kg of superactivated charcoal in a 20% suspension or a similar volume of deionized water. Signs of cyanide toxicosis occurred rapidly, with a mean time to signs of 3.3 and 2.7 minutes in control animals receiving 35 or 40 mg/kg KCN, respectively. All 26 of the control rats showed signs, and all but one in the 35 mg/kg group died within 19 minutes. Only 12 of 26 rats treated with superactivated charcoal showed signs of KCN toxicosis and eight of those animals died. Oral exposure of rats to lethal doses of KCN can be treated effectively by immediate administration of superactivated charcoal. Due to the apparent low binding capacity of activated charcoal for potassium cyanide (KCN) in vitro, the use of oral activated charcoal therapy for oral exposure to cyanide compounds is controversial. In our study, rats were given a lethal oral dose of ground granular KCN (35 or 40 mg/kg) in a gelatin capsule followed immediately by either 4 g/kg of superactivated charcoal in a 20% suspension or a similar volume of deionized water. Signs of cyanide toxicosis occurred rapidly, with a mean time to signs of 3.3 and 2.7 minutes in control animals receiving 35 or 40 mg/kg KCN, respectively. All 26 of the control rats showed signs, and all but one in the 35 mg/kg group died within 19 minutes. Only 12 of 26 rats treated with superactivated charcoal showed signs of KCN toxicosis and eight of those animals died. Oral exposure of rats to lethal doses of KCN can be treated effectively by immediate administration of superactivated charcoal.