Thirty Years Brings Major Change
2014; Elsevier BV; Volume: 31; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/j.arthro.2014.11.007
ISSN1526-3231
AutoresJames H. Lubowitz, Matthew T. Provencher, Jefferson C. Brand, Michael J. Rossi,
Tópico(s)Hip disorders and treatments
ResumoHappy New Year. We hang a banner to celebrate our 30th anniversary—the new cover is festooned. A year has passed. The passage of time is always notable. We reflect in the New Year that time is fleeting. Moreover, we find it hard to believe it has been a full 5 years since “Old School: Arthroscopy's 25th Anniversary.”1Lubowitz J.H. Poehling G.G. Old School: Arthroscopy's 25th anniversary.Arthroscopy. 2010; 26: 2-4Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (5) Google ScholarAn anniversary is worthy of recognition, but at the same time represents a challenge, because 30 years brings major change. In the last year, we have named a new associate editor, new deputy editors, a new assistant editor-in-chief, a new Editorial Board, a new Journal Board of Trustees (JBOT), a new JBOT Chairman, and our number one, Hank Hackett, Managing Editor, will be retiring June 30, 2015. On top of this, we recall the big news from 2014 is that Gary G. Poehling, M.D. is newly the editor-in-chief emeritus.2Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Rossi M.J. Hackett H.P. VanNoy D.T. Gary G. Poehling, M.D., Editor-in-Chief Emeritus.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 5Google Scholar Dr. Poehling joins the 30-year club; his name has been associated with the journal since Volume 1, Issue 1 in 1985. Finally, our new editor-in-chief, James Lubowitz, M.D., assumed the responsibility in May of this year. Leadership during times of change entails a fast learning curve, and Arthroscopy journal and Arthroscopy Techniques are in prime position to be forward looking, innovative, and nimble, because our foundation is based on 3 decades of rock-solid arthroscopic and related research.A major task in 2015 will be to continue to adapt to disruptive change in the publishing industry from innovation in technology and social media.3Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Journalism and the new social media.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (10) Google Scholar, 4Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Follow us on Twitter.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 1747-1748Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar, 5Wetzler M.J. “I found it on the internet:” How reliable and readable is patient information?.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 967-968Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (5) Google Scholar, 6Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Our new journal: Arthroscopy Techniques.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 149-150Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar Our solution is Arthroscopy Techniques,6Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Our new journal: Arthroscopy Techniques.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 149-150Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar, 7Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Arthroscopy Techniques: Aims and scope.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 1Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (5) Google Scholar, 8Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Arthroscopy Techniques achieves PubMed Central citation, yet knee and shoulder outcome failures represent a challenge, and a presidential address prepares us for adversity.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1461-1462Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (9) Google Scholar, 9Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Looking forward and back: The value of arthroscopy, shoulder controversies, hip advancements, cartilage cutting edge, and Arthroscopy Techniques.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1897-1899Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (9) Google Scholar and we have dedicated significant manpower toward development of a greatly improved electronic platform for www.arthroscopytechniques.org. Stay tuned for the imminent launch, which will be well announced. We are optimistic that once we launch the new platform, the enriched utility of Arthroscopy Techniques will be most notable.With major change at the Green Journal, we greatly appreciate our reviewers and editorial board, on whom we rely absolutely. Journal metrics indicate that the number of submissions to Arthroscopy is exploding (Fig 1). As a result, we are recruiting new reviewers:Please sign up as a reviewer, first by viewing the Journal Review Course PowerPoint at www.arthroscopyjournal.org, and then submitting your contact information and specialty interests. We ask Fellowship Directors to please encourage their Fellows, who will now be eligible to join AANA as Resident/Fellow members. Arthroscopy journal editors will be recruiting reviewers and presenting top tips for writers and reviewers at the 2015 AANA Annual Meeting in Los Angeles, including the Fellows Symposia, and at the 2015 ISAKOS Biennial Congress in Lyon.Continuing, in 2014, the number of Level I evidence submissions is decreasing,10Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Arthroscopic and sports medicine science: Looking beyond the level of evidence (for now).Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 281-282Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar, 11Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Congratulations and condemnations: Level I evidence prize for femoral tunnel position in ACL reconstruction, and AAOS Clinical Practice Guidelines miss the mark—Again.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 2-5Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar continuing last year's trend. This raises a number of issues, and results in more major change at the Green Journal. We will consider how to address this change below, but first we are proud to name the finalists of the 2014 Arthroscopy Journal Prize for Best Level I Evidence Study (Table 1).12Harris J.D. Cvetanovich G. Erickson B.J. et al.Current status of evidence-based sports medicine.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 362-371Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (24) Google Scholar, 13Jung W.-H. Takeuchi R. Chun C.-W. et al.Efficacy of periarticular multimodal drug injection after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy: A randomized, controlled study.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 1-8Google Scholar, 14Lee J.J. Kim D.-Y. Hwang J.-T. et al.Effect of ultrasonographically guided axillary nerve block combined with suprascapular nerve block in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A randomized controlled trial.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 906-914Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (51) Google Scholar, 15Oh J.H. Kim J.Y. Chung S.W. et al.Warmed irrigation fluid does not decrease perioperative hypothermia during arthroscopic shoulder surgery.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 159-164Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (23) Google ScholarTable 1The Four Level I Studies Published in 2014 in ArthroscopyCurrent Status of Evidence-Based Sports Medicine by Joshua D. Harris, Gregory Cvetanovich, Brandon J. Erickson, Geoffrey D. Abrams, Jaskarndip Chahal, Anil K. Gupta, Frank M. McCormick, and Bernard R. Bach Arthroscopy 2014;30:362-371.Efficacy of Periarticular Multimodal Drug Injection After Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy: A Randomized Controlled Study by Woon-Hwa Jung, Ryohei Takeuchi, Chung-Woo Chun, Jung-Su Lee, Jae-Hun Ha, Ji-Hyae Kim, and Jae-Heon Jeong Arthroscopy 2014;30:1-8.Effect of Ultrasonographically Guided Axillary Nerve Block Combined With Suprascapular Nerve Block in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Jae Jun Lee, Do-Young Kim, Jung-Taek Hwang, Sang-Soo Lee, Sung Mi Hwang, Gi Ho Kim, and Yoon-Geol Jo Arthroscopy 2014;30:906-914.Warmed Irrigation Fluid Does Not Decrease Perioperative Hypothermia During Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery by Joo Han Oh, Joon Yub Kim, Seok Won Chung, Ji Soon Park, Do Hun Kim, Sung Hoon Kim, and Mi Ja Yun Arthroscopy 2014;30:159-164. Open table in a new tab Before we announce the winner, we recognize one particular paper, a systematic review, by Harris et al., “Current Status of Evidence-Based Sports Medicine.”12Harris J.D. Cvetanovich G. Erickson B.J. et al.Current status of evidence-based sports medicine.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 362-371Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (24) Google Scholar Harris et al. measure and report that Level I Evidence and randomized controlled trials are rare in contemporary sports medicine, and especially rare in Arthroscopy. This is in concordance with our finding above, that Level I evidence submissions are decreasing. This comes somewhat as a surprise, since we've been promoting Level I evidence since 2004.16Lubowitz J.H. Understanding evidence-based arthroscopy.Arthroscopy. 2004; 20: 1-3Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (17) Google Scholar However, in the surgical subspecialties, we have to look beyond the level of evidence for now,10Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Arthroscopic and sports medicine science: Looking beyond the level of evidence (for now).Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 281-282Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar because in order to determine the best methods for treating patients, other fundamental research methods, including comparative trials, case series, and expert opinion, inform our opinions.17Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Appropriate use criteria get orthopaedic sports medicine and arthroscopy back on track.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1125-1126Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (4) Google Scholar, 18Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Climbing the level of evidence ladder: Prospective, comparative-effectiveness knee ACL and PCL research.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 399-400Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (9) Google Scholar, 19Lubowitz J.H. McIntyre L.F. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. AAOS Rotator Cuff Clinical Practice Guideline misses the mark.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 589-592Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (32) Google Scholar In fact, we have recognized and supported the importance of all levels of evidence since publicizing the importance of Level V evidence in 2006.20Lubowitz J.H. Introducing Level V evidence to Arthroscopy journal.Arthroscopy. 2006; 22: 237Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (6) Google Scholar At Arthroscopy, and in AANA, ISAKOS, and ISHA, we continue to always highly value and regard expert opinion from experienced authors.A risk of a decreasing number of Level I evidence submissions is that our Journal Prize for Level I evidence could become so restrictive as to miss some of the best or most clinically relevant articles published in the journal. Therefore, it is time for additional transformation. It was decided at our recent annual meeting of editors and associate editors that, starting in 2015, a major change is that we will open up the inclusion criteria for the Arthroscopy Journal Prize to comparative studies of Level I, or II, or III evidence. Clinically relevant comparative studies of Level I, II, and III evidence are all critical in determining a best method of treating patients in clinical practice, when comparing diverse treatment options.Examples of Level I studies include:•Arthroscopic versus mini-open rotator cuff repair: An up-to-date meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials,21Xiaoxi Ji X. Chun Bi C. Fang Wang F. Qiugen Wang Q. Arthroscopic versus mini-open rotator cuff repair: An up-to-date meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 118-124Google Scholar and•Analgesic effect of hamstring block after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction compared with placebo: A prospective randomized trial,22Faunø P.Z. Lund B. Christiansen S.E. Gjøderum O. Lind M. Analgesic effect of hamstring block after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction compared with placebo: A prospective randomized trial.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 63-68Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (26) Google Scholar and•Surgeon-determined visualization in shoulder arthroscopy: A randomized, blinded, controlled trial comparing irrigation fluid with and without epinephrine.23Avery D. Gibson B. Carolan G. Surgeon-rated visualization in shoulder arthroscopy: A randomized blinded controlled trial comparing irrigation fluid with and without epinephrine.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 12-18Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (20) Google ScholarExamples of Level II studies include:•Platelet-rich plasma in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials,24Zhao J.-G. Zhao L. Jiang Y.-X. Wang Z.-L. Wang J. Zhang P. Platelet-rich plasma in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 125-135Scopus (0) Google Scholar and•Mid- to long-term results of single-bundle versus double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A randomized controlled trial,25Koga H. Muneta T. Yagishita K. et al.Mid- to long-term results of single-bundle versus double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Randomized controlled trial.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 69-76Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (44) Google Scholar and•Arthroscopic versus open comparison of long head of biceps tendon visualization and pathology in patients requiring tenodesis,26Gilmer B. DeMers A.M. Guerrero D. Reid J.B. Lubowitz J.H. Guttmann D. Arthroscopic versus open comparison of long head of biceps tendon visualization and pathology in patients requiring tenodesis.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 29-34Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (55) Google Scholar and•Subscapularis tendon tear classification based on 3-dimensional anatomic footprint: A cadaveric and prospective clinical observational study.27Yoo J.C. Rhee Y.G. Shin S.J. et al.Subscapularis tendon tear classification based on 3-dimensional anatomic footprint: A cadaveric and prospective clinical observational study.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 19-28Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (63) Google ScholarExamples of Level III studies include:•The association of tibial slope and anterior cruciate ligament rupture in skeletally immature patients,28O'Malley M.P. Milewski M. Solomito M. Erwteman A. Nissen C. The association of tibial slope and anterior cruciate ligament rupture in skeletally immature patients.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 77-82Scopus (35) Google Scholar and•Effect of femoral anteversion on clinical outcomes after hip arthroscopy,29Jackson T.J. El Bitar Y.F. Lindner D. Domb B.G. Effect of femoral anteversion on clinical outcomes after hip arthroscopy.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 35-41Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (39) Google Scholar and•Comparison of femoral tunnel geometry using an in vivo 3-dimensional computed tomography during transportal and outside-in single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques,30Park J.S. Park J.H. Wang J.H. et al.Comparison of femoral tunnel geometry using an in vivo 3-dimensional computed tomography during transportal and outside-in single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 83-91Scopus (28) Google Scholar and•Validity, reproducibility and responsiveness of the Oxford Hip Score in patients undergoing surgery for femoroacetabular impingement.31Impellizzeri F.M. Mannion A.F. Naal F.D. Leunig M. Validity, reproducibility and responsiveness of the Oxford Hip Score in patients undergoing surgery for femoroacetabular impingement.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 42-50Scopus (11) Google ScholarYour editors hope that readers find the cited examples to be clinically relevant, because all of these investigations are published in the January 2015 issue you are about to read. Our aim is to start the year productively, and we hope readers agree that with expansion of the prize, we are starting well, and in 2015 we expect a raised level of competition for the best study.It may be of additional interest to note that sometimes level of evidence is technically difficult or controversial to assign or determine, and sometimes authors or editors get it wrong. Harris et al. report that Level I evidence is rare. Therefore, it is ironic that Harris et al., published as a Level I study, may not be Level I after all. A concern regarding the level of evidence of Harris et al. is that the level of evidence chart16Lubowitz J.H. Understanding evidence-based arthroscopy.Arthroscopy. 2004; 20: 1-3Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (17) Google Scholar includes footnotes stating that a Level I systematic review is to be based on a combination of the results of two or more prior studies that have consistent results. It is not enough to simply review Level I studies. The results of Harris et al. are not based on actual quantitative synthesis of the combined Level I results. Technically, as above, level of evidence can be difficult to assign.Finally, we congratulate the winner of the 2014 Arthroscopy Journal Prize for Best Level I Evidence Study: Effect of Ultrasonographically Guided Axillary Nerve Block Combined With Suprascapular Nerve Block in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Jae Jun Lee, Do-Young Kim, Jung-Taek Hwang, Sang-Soo Lee, Sung Mi Hwang, Gi Ho Kim, Yoon-Geol Jo.14Lee J.J. Kim D.-Y. Hwang J.-T. et al.Effect of ultrasonographically guided axillary nerve block combined with suprascapular nerve block in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A randomized controlled trial.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 906-914Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (51) Google Scholar These investigators from Hallym University found that the effect of the combination of axillary nerve block with suprascapular nerve block is favorable.A major area of change in our field, but solidly rooted in the annals of Arthroscopy, is the growing interest in biologics. We have been paying close attention to biologics since at least 2008,32Lubowitz J.H. Poehling G.G. Don't know much biology: Redux.Arthroscopy. 2008; 24: 127-129Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar but in 2014 we were surprised that rather suddenly, a leader among our “hot” topics, was platelet-rich plasma.33Dragoo J. Braun H. Kim H.J. Chu C. The effect of platelet rich plasma formulations and blood products on human synoviocytes.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30 (suppl, abstr SS-64): e34Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Google Scholar, 34Smyth N. Ross K. Haleem A. et al.The effect of platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid on autologous osteochondral transplantation: An in vivo rabbit model.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30 (suppl, abstr SS-54): e29Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Google Scholar, 35Magalon J. Bausset O. Serratrice N. et al.Characterization and comparison of 5 platelet-rich plasma preparations in a single-donor model.Arthroscopy. 2014; 3: 629-638Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (152) Google Scholar, 36Beitzel K. McCarthy M.B. Cote M.P. et al.Properties of biologic scaffolds and their response to mesenchymal stem cells.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 289-298Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (42) Google Scholar, 37Kaniki N. Willits K. Mohtadi N.G.H. Fung V. Bryant D. A retrospective comparative study with historical control to determine the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma as part of nonoperative treatment of acute achilles tendon rupture.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 1139-1145Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (33) Google Scholar, 38Charousset C. Zaoui A. Bellaïche L. Piterman M. Does autologous leukocyte-platelet–rich plasma improve tendon healing in arthroscopic repair of large or massive rotator cuff tears?.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 428-435Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (55) Google Scholar, 39Koh Y.-G. Kwon O.-R. Kim Y.-S. Choi Y.-J. Comparative outcomes of open-wedge high tibial osteotomy with platelet-rich plasma alone or in combination with mesenchymal stem cell treatment: A prospective study.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 1453-1460Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (138) Google Scholar We look forward to trials evaluating platelet-rich plasma for knee osteoarthritis, because knee arthritis is common, and in our travels, we have heard anecdotal descriptions of promising results.We invite authors investigating hot topics including, but not limited, to orthobiologics including platelet-rich plasma, to please submit their research to Arthroscopy. What are the current hot topics? Those who wish to review one list can check out the September 2014 editorial, where we tabulated the top 20 Arthroscopy articles by number of citations in the last 5 years.40Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Rossi M.J. Brand J.C. The fall classic.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 1045-1048Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (3) Google ScholarWe anticipate that platelet-rich plasma is just the tip of the biologics iceberg.41Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Cartilage treatment and biologics current research.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1597-1598Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar, 42Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Stem cells in the knee.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 609-610Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (20) Google Scholar, 43Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Stem cells in arthroscopy.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 891-892Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar We remain enticed by the prospect of orthopaedic tissue engineering44Lubowitz J.H. Poehling G.G. Saving our cells: advances in tissue engineering for focal cartilage defects.Arthroscopy. 2009; 25: 115-116Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar, 45Lubowitz J.H. Poehling G.G. Tissue engineering: A call for manuscripts.Arthroscopy. 2008; 24: 623-624Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (8) Google Scholar using arthroscopic implantation, and our view is to keep an eye on the international picture. We continue to observe, with deference to caution and safety but with regret in support of rapid innovation, that the United States Food and Drug Administration still restricts product development in orthopaedic biologics.42Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Stem cells in the knee.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 609-610Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (20) Google Scholar, 46Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. ISAKOS Upper Extremity Committee shoulder rotator cuff consensus, plus chondrocyte implantation and ACL systematic reviews.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1733-1734Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (8) Google Scholar We therefore invite international tissue engineers and cell biologists to submit articles sharing their cutting-edge research in orthobiologics development.Our resolution for the New Year is to continue to strive to improve by recruiting new reviewers, pursuing top authors, soliciting hot topics, and publishing the best submissions of all levels of evidence. In other words, we resolve to lead, during a time of change, by maintaining stability. As we enter our fourth decade, editors will carry on editing, authors will carry on writing, readers will carry on reading, and all of us will continue to make every effort toward advancing our field. In a world of disruptive innovation, our view is that our New Year's resolution, diverse thoughts, and prescribed agenda represent an ambitious but balanced approach. Happy New Year. We hang a banner to celebrate our 30th anniversary—the new cover is festooned. A year has passed. The passage of time is always notable. We reflect in the New Year that time is fleeting. Moreover, we find it hard to believe it has been a full 5 years since “Old School: Arthroscopy's 25th Anniversary.”1Lubowitz J.H. Poehling G.G. Old School: Arthroscopy's 25th anniversary.Arthroscopy. 2010; 26: 2-4Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (5) Google Scholar An anniversary is worthy of recognition, but at the same time represents a challenge, because 30 years brings major change. In the last year, we have named a new associate editor, new deputy editors, a new assistant editor-in-chief, a new Editorial Board, a new Journal Board of Trustees (JBOT), a new JBOT Chairman, and our number one, Hank Hackett, Managing Editor, will be retiring June 30, 2015. On top of this, we recall the big news from 2014 is that Gary G. Poehling, M.D. is newly the editor-in-chief emeritus.2Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Rossi M.J. Hackett H.P. VanNoy D.T. Gary G. Poehling, M.D., Editor-in-Chief Emeritus.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 5Google Scholar Dr. Poehling joins the 30-year club; his name has been associated with the journal since Volume 1, Issue 1 in 1985. Finally, our new editor-in-chief, James Lubowitz, M.D., assumed the responsibility in May of this year. Leadership during times of change entails a fast learning curve, and Arthroscopy journal and Arthroscopy Techniques are in prime position to be forward looking, innovative, and nimble, because our foundation is based on 3 decades of rock-solid arthroscopic and related research. A major task in 2015 will be to continue to adapt to disruptive change in the publishing industry from innovation in technology and social media.3Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Journalism and the new social media.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (10) Google Scholar, 4Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Follow us on Twitter.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 1747-1748Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar, 5Wetzler M.J. “I found it on the internet:” How reliable and readable is patient information?.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 967-968Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (5) Google Scholar, 6Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Our new journal: Arthroscopy Techniques.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 149-150Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar Our solution is Arthroscopy Techniques,6Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Our new journal: Arthroscopy Techniques.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 149-150Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar, 7Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Arthroscopy Techniques: Aims and scope.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 1Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (5) Google Scholar, 8Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Arthroscopy Techniques achieves PubMed Central citation, yet knee and shoulder outcome failures represent a challenge, and a presidential address prepares us for adversity.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1461-1462Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (9) Google Scholar, 9Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Looking forward and back: The value of arthroscopy, shoulder controversies, hip advancements, cartilage cutting edge, and Arthroscopy Techniques.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1897-1899Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (9) Google Scholar and we have dedicated significant manpower toward development of a greatly improved electronic platform for www.arthroscopytechniques.org. Stay tuned for the imminent launch, which will be well announced. We are optimistic that once we launch the new platform, the enriched utility of Arthroscopy Techniques will be most notable. With major change at the Green Journal, we greatly appreciate our reviewers and editorial board, on whom we rely absolutely. Journal metrics indicate that the number of submissions to Arthroscopy is exploding (Fig 1). As a result, we are recruiting new reviewers: Please sign up as a reviewer, first by viewing the Journal Review Course PowerPoint at www.arthroscopyjournal.org, and then submitting your contact information and specialty interests. We ask Fellowship Directors to please encourage their Fellows, who will now be eligible to join AANA as Resident/Fellow members. Arthroscopy journal editors will be recruiting reviewers and presenting top tips for writers and reviewers at the 2015 AANA Annual Meeting in Los Angeles, including the Fellows Symposia, and at the 2015 ISAKOS Biennial Congress in Lyon. Continuing, in 2014, the number of Level I evidence submissions is decreasing,10Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Arthroscopic and sports medicine science: Looking beyond the level of evidence (for now).Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 281-282Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar, 11Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Congratulations and condemnations: Level I evidence prize for femoral tunnel position in ACL reconstruction, and AAOS Clinical Practice Guidelines miss the mark—Again.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 2-5Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar continuing last year's trend. This raises a number of issues, and results in more major change at the Green Journal. We will consider how to address this change below, but first we are proud to name the finalists of the 2014 Arthroscopy Journal Prize for Best Level I Evidence Study (Table 1).12Harris J.D. Cvetanovich G. Erickson B.J. et al.Current status of evidence-based sports medicine.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 362-371Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (24) Google Scholar, 13Jung W.-H. Takeuchi R. Chun C.-W. et al.Efficacy of periarticular multimodal drug injection after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy: A randomized, controlled study.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 1-8Google Scholar, 14Lee J.J. Kim D.-Y. Hwang J.-T. et al.Effect of ultrasonographically guided axillary nerve block combined with suprascapular nerve block in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A randomized controlled trial.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 906-914Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (51) Google Scholar, 15Oh J.H. Kim J.Y. Chung S.W. et al.Warmed irrigation fluid does not decrease perioperative hypothermia during arthroscopic shoulder surgery.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 159-164Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (23) Google Scholar Before we announce the winner, we recognize one particular paper, a systematic review, by Harris et al., “Current Status of Evidence-Based Sports Medicine.”12Harris J.D. Cvetanovich G. Erickson B.J. et al.Current status of evidence-based sports medicine.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 362-371Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (24) Google Scholar Harris et al. measure and report that Level I Evidence and randomized controlled trials are rare in contemporary sports medicine, and especially rare in Arthroscopy. This is in concordance with our finding above, that Level I evidence submissions are decreasing. This comes somewhat as a surprise, since we've been promoting Level I evidence since 2004.16Lubowitz J.H. Understanding evidence-based arthroscopy.Arthroscopy. 2004; 20: 1-3Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (17) Google Scholar However, in the surgical subspecialties, we have to look beyond the level of evidence for now,10Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Arthroscopic and sports medicine science: Looking beyond the level of evidence (for now).Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 281-282Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar because in order to determine the best methods for treating patients, other fundamental research methods, including comparative trials, case series, and expert opinion, inform our opinions.17Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Appropriate use criteria get orthopaedic sports medicine and arthroscopy back on track.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1125-1126Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (4) Google Scholar, 18Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Climbing the level of evidence ladder: Prospective, comparative-effectiveness knee ACL and PCL research.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 399-400Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (9) Google Scholar, 19Lubowitz J.H. McIntyre L.F. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. AAOS Rotator Cuff Clinical Practice Guideline misses the mark.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 589-592Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (32) Google Scholar In fact, we have recognized and supported the importance of all levels of evidence since publicizing the importance of Level V evidence in 2006.20Lubowitz J.H. Introducing Level V evidence to Arthroscopy journal.Arthroscopy. 2006; 22: 237Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (6) Google Scholar At Arthroscopy, and in AANA, ISAKOS, and ISHA, we continue to always highly value and regard expert opinion from experienced authors. A risk of a decreasing number of Level I evidence submissions is that our Journal Prize for Level I evidence could become so restrictive as to miss some of the best or most clinically relevant articles published in the journal. Therefore, it is time for additional transformation. It was decided at our recent annual meeting of editors and associate editors that, starting in 2015, a major change is that we will open up the inclusion criteria for the Arthroscopy Journal Prize to comparative studies of Level I, or II, or III evidence. Clinically relevant comparative studies of Level I, II, and III evidence are all critical in determining a best method of treating patients in clinical practice, when comparing diverse treatment options. Examples of Level I studies include:•Arthroscopic versus mini-open rotator cuff repair: An up-to-date meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials,21Xiaoxi Ji X. Chun Bi C. Fang Wang F. Qiugen Wang Q. Arthroscopic versus mini-open rotator cuff repair: An up-to-date meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 118-124Google Scholar and•Analgesic effect of hamstring block after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction compared with placebo: A prospective randomized trial,22Faunø P.Z. Lund B. Christiansen S.E. Gjøderum O. Lind M. Analgesic effect of hamstring block after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction compared with placebo: A prospective randomized trial.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 63-68Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (26) Google Scholar and•Surgeon-determined visualization in shoulder arthroscopy: A randomized, blinded, controlled trial comparing irrigation fluid with and without epinephrine.23Avery D. Gibson B. Carolan G. Surgeon-rated visualization in shoulder arthroscopy: A randomized blinded controlled trial comparing irrigation fluid with and without epinephrine.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 12-18Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (20) Google Scholar Examples of Level II studies include:•Platelet-rich plasma in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials,24Zhao J.-G. Zhao L. Jiang Y.-X. Wang Z.-L. Wang J. Zhang P. Platelet-rich plasma in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 125-135Scopus (0) Google Scholar and•Mid- to long-term results of single-bundle versus double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A randomized controlled trial,25Koga H. Muneta T. Yagishita K. et al.Mid- to long-term results of single-bundle versus double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Randomized controlled trial.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 69-76Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (44) Google Scholar and•Arthroscopic versus open comparison of long head of biceps tendon visualization and pathology in patients requiring tenodesis,26Gilmer B. DeMers A.M. Guerrero D. Reid J.B. Lubowitz J.H. Guttmann D. Arthroscopic versus open comparison of long head of biceps tendon visualization and pathology in patients requiring tenodesis.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 29-34Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (55) Google Scholar and•Subscapularis tendon tear classification based on 3-dimensional anatomic footprint: A cadaveric and prospective clinical observational study.27Yoo J.C. Rhee Y.G. Shin S.J. et al.Subscapularis tendon tear classification based on 3-dimensional anatomic footprint: A cadaveric and prospective clinical observational study.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 19-28Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (63) Google Scholar Examples of Level III studies include:•The association of tibial slope and anterior cruciate ligament rupture in skeletally immature patients,28O'Malley M.P. Milewski M. Solomito M. Erwteman A. Nissen C. The association of tibial slope and anterior cruciate ligament rupture in skeletally immature patients.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 77-82Scopus (35) Google Scholar and•Effect of femoral anteversion on clinical outcomes after hip arthroscopy,29Jackson T.J. El Bitar Y.F. Lindner D. Domb B.G. Effect of femoral anteversion on clinical outcomes after hip arthroscopy.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 35-41Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (39) Google Scholar and•Comparison of femoral tunnel geometry using an in vivo 3-dimensional computed tomography during transportal and outside-in single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques,30Park J.S. Park J.H. Wang J.H. et al.Comparison of femoral tunnel geometry using an in vivo 3-dimensional computed tomography during transportal and outside-in single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 83-91Scopus (28) Google Scholar and•Validity, reproducibility and responsiveness of the Oxford Hip Score in patients undergoing surgery for femoroacetabular impingement.31Impellizzeri F.M. Mannion A.F. Naal F.D. Leunig M. Validity, reproducibility and responsiveness of the Oxford Hip Score in patients undergoing surgery for femoroacetabular impingement.Arthroscopy. 2015; 31: 42-50Scopus (11) Google Scholar Your editors hope that readers find the cited examples to be clinically relevant, because all of these investigations are published in the January 2015 issue you are about to read. Our aim is to start the year productively, and we hope readers agree that with expansion of the prize, we are starting well, and in 2015 we expect a raised level of competition for the best study. It may be of additional interest to note that sometimes level of evidence is technically difficult or controversial to assign or determine, and sometimes authors or editors get it wrong. Harris et al. report that Level I evidence is rare. Therefore, it is ironic that Harris et al., published as a Level I study, may not be Level I after all. A concern regarding the level of evidence of Harris et al. is that the level of evidence chart16Lubowitz J.H. Understanding evidence-based arthroscopy.Arthroscopy. 2004; 20: 1-3Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (17) Google Scholar includes footnotes stating that a Level I systematic review is to be based on a combination of the results of two or more prior studies that have consistent results. It is not enough to simply review Level I studies. The results of Harris et al. are not based on actual quantitative synthesis of the combined Level I results. Technically, as above, level of evidence can be difficult to assign. Finally, we congratulate the winner of the 2014 Arthroscopy Journal Prize for Best Level I Evidence Study: Effect of Ultrasonographically Guided Axillary Nerve Block Combined With Suprascapular Nerve Block in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Jae Jun Lee, Do-Young Kim, Jung-Taek Hwang, Sang-Soo Lee, Sung Mi Hwang, Gi Ho Kim, Yoon-Geol Jo.14Lee J.J. Kim D.-Y. Hwang J.-T. et al.Effect of ultrasonographically guided axillary nerve block combined with suprascapular nerve block in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A randomized controlled trial.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 906-914Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (51) Google Scholar These investigators from Hallym University found that the effect of the combination of axillary nerve block with suprascapular nerve block is favorable. A major area of change in our field, but solidly rooted in the annals of Arthroscopy, is the growing interest in biologics. We have been paying close attention to biologics since at least 2008,32Lubowitz J.H. Poehling G.G. Don't know much biology: Redux.Arthroscopy. 2008; 24: 127-129Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar but in 2014 we were surprised that rather suddenly, a leader among our “hot” topics, was platelet-rich plasma.33Dragoo J. Braun H. Kim H.J. Chu C. The effect of platelet rich plasma formulations and blood products on human synoviocytes.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30 (suppl, abstr SS-64): e34Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Google Scholar, 34Smyth N. Ross K. Haleem A. et al.The effect of platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid on autologous osteochondral transplantation: An in vivo rabbit model.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30 (suppl, abstr SS-54): e29Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Google Scholar, 35Magalon J. Bausset O. Serratrice N. et al.Characterization and comparison of 5 platelet-rich plasma preparations in a single-donor model.Arthroscopy. 2014; 3: 629-638Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (152) Google Scholar, 36Beitzel K. McCarthy M.B. Cote M.P. et al.Properties of biologic scaffolds and their response to mesenchymal stem cells.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 289-298Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (42) Google Scholar, 37Kaniki N. Willits K. Mohtadi N.G.H. Fung V. Bryant D. A retrospective comparative study with historical control to determine the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma as part of nonoperative treatment of acute achilles tendon rupture.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 1139-1145Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (33) Google Scholar, 38Charousset C. Zaoui A. Bellaïche L. Piterman M. Does autologous leukocyte-platelet–rich plasma improve tendon healing in arthroscopic repair of large or massive rotator cuff tears?.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 428-435Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (55) Google Scholar, 39Koh Y.-G. Kwon O.-R. Kim Y.-S. Choi Y.-J. Comparative outcomes of open-wedge high tibial osteotomy with platelet-rich plasma alone or in combination with mesenchymal stem cell treatment: A prospective study.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 1453-1460Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (138) Google Scholar We look forward to trials evaluating platelet-rich plasma for knee osteoarthritis, because knee arthritis is common, and in our travels, we have heard anecdotal descriptions of promising results. We invite authors investigating hot topics including, but not limited, to orthobiologics including platelet-rich plasma, to please submit their research to Arthroscopy. What are the current hot topics? Those who wish to review one list can check out the September 2014 editorial, where we tabulated the top 20 Arthroscopy articles by number of citations in the last 5 years.40Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Rossi M.J. Brand J.C. The fall classic.Arthroscopy. 2014; 30: 1045-1048Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (3) Google Scholar We anticipate that platelet-rich plasma is just the tip of the biologics iceberg.41Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Cartilage treatment and biologics current research.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1597-1598Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar, 42Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Stem cells in the knee.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 609-610Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (20) Google Scholar, 43Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Stem cells in arthroscopy.Arthroscopy. 2012; 28: 891-892Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar We remain enticed by the prospect of orthopaedic tissue engineering44Lubowitz J.H. Poehling G.G. Saving our cells: advances in tissue engineering for focal cartilage defects.Arthroscopy. 2009; 25: 115-116Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar, 45Lubowitz J.H. Poehling G.G. Tissue engineering: A call for manuscripts.Arthroscopy. 2008; 24: 623-624Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (8) Google Scholar using arthroscopic implantation, and our view is to keep an eye on the international picture. We continue to observe, with deference to caution and safety but with regret in support of rapid innovation, that the United States Food and Drug Administration still restricts product development in orthopaedic biologics.42Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. Stem cells in the knee.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 609-610Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (20) Google Scholar, 46Lubowitz J.H. Provencher M.T. Poehling G.G. ISAKOS Upper Extremity Committee shoulder rotator cuff consensus, plus chondrocyte implantation and ACL systematic reviews.Arthroscopy. 2013; 29: 1733-1734Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (8) Google Scholar We therefore invite international tissue engineers and cell biologists to submit articles sharing their cutting-edge research in orthobiologics development. Our resolution for the New Year is to continue to strive to improve by recruiting new reviewers, pursuing top authors, soliciting hot topics, and publishing the best submissions of all levels of evidence. In other words, we resolve to lead, during a time of change, by maintaining stability. As we enter our fourth decade, editors will carry on editing, authors will carry on writing, readers will carry on reading, and all of us will continue to make every effort toward advancing our field. In a world of disruptive innovation, our view is that our New Year's resolution, diverse thoughts, and prescribed agenda represent an ambitious but balanced approach.
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