Steroid Hormone Receptors and the Nucleus*
1985; Oxford University Press; Volume: 6; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1210/edrv-6-4-512
ISSN1945-7189
Autores Tópico(s)Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
ResumoTHE CONCEPT that steroid hormone action is mediated by interaction with specific target tissue receptor proteins has become generally well accepted. Receptors that are not bound to hormone (unoccupied receptors) were initially described as residing in cytosolic/cytoplasmic1 compartments of many systems. Biochemical and autoradiographic procedures led to this conclusion. Additional evidence established that hormone binding induces receptor transformation2 and receptor movement from the cytosolic to the nuclear compartment (translocation), where the biological response is initiated. This review summarizes the evidence for steroid receptor action in the nucleus and discusses the recent controversy that unoccupied receptors themselves may be predominantly associated with nuclear components in vivo. This summary, rather than being an exhaustive review of one or two receptor systems, emphasizes the parallel development of these concepts in multiple steroid hormone receptor systems,3 in part by relying on prior reviews that focus in depth on specific areas. In spite of extensive evidence suggesting possible direct or nonnuclear effects of steroids, in particular on membrane function/components (e.g. Refs. 1 to 6), this controversial area and that of the type II binding sites (7) will not be discussed herein.
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