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Twenty microsatellites (SSRs) reveal two main origins of variability in grapevine cultivars from Northwestern Spain

2010; Julius Kühn-Institut; Volume: 49; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

0042-7500

Emilia Díaz‐Losada, Andrea Tato Salgado, Ana María Ramos‐Cabrer, Susana Rı́o Segade, S. Cortéz Diéguez, Santiago Pereira‐Lorenzo,

Wine Industry and Tourism

The grapevine germplasm bank in the “Estacion de Viticultura y Enologia de Galicia, Xunta de Galicia”, holds fifteen grapevine cultivars with a total of 98 accessions: ‘Brancellao’, ‘Albarello’, ‘Caino Astureses’, ‘Caino Bravo’, ‘Caino Blanco’, ‘Caino Gordo’, ‘Albarin Negro’, ‘Caino Longo’, ‘Caino Redondo’, ‘Castanal’, ‘Mencia’, ‘Merenzao’, ‘Mouraton’, ‘Souson’, and ‘Verdello’. Cultivars ‘Syrah’ and ‘Pinot Noir’ were included as references. Two different lineages were detected, one originating in ‘Caino Astureses’ and the other in ‘Merenzao’, synonymy of the French cultivar ‘Trousseau’. Cultivars from Northwestern Spain derived from both of these cultivars by hybridization and selected genotypes that had adapted to local climatic conditions and became fixed by cuttings, explaining the domestication process of these grapevine cultivars. Both lineages differed in allelic frequencies and were distributed differently in Northwestern Spain, the first lineage in the west and the second, related with the French cultivar ‘Trousseau’, in the east. ‘Caino Astureses’ was the most frequent genotype related by hybridization, indicating the importance that this cultivar had in the origin of grapevines in Galicia. In addition a total of 13 different genotypes were identified. The identity of ‘Brancellao’ and ‘Albarello’ was confirmed by SSR-markers. Other two synonyms were ‘Caino Astureses’ and ‘Caino Bravo’, and ‘Caino Gordo’ and ‘Albarin Negro’. ‘Caino Redondo’ showed two different genotypes, one related to ‘Caino Astureses’ and the other to ‘Merenzao’. Two cultivars included in the collection from EVEGA were not reported previously, ‘Verdello’ and ‘Caino Longo’.