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A Revision of the Fishes of the Genera Sicydium and Lentipes , with Descriptions of five new Species

1884; Zoological Society of London; Volume: 52; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/j.1096-3642.1884.tb02815.x

0370-2774

WS Grant,

Fish biology, ecology, and behavior

Body subeylindrical, covered with rather small ctenoid scales ; head oblong and broad, with the cleft of the mouth nearly horizontal; upper jaw prominent; snout obtusely rounded; lips very thick, the lower with a series of numerous slender horizontal teeth, of which sometimes only the extremities are visible.Upper jaw with a single uniform series of numerous moveable small teeth attached by ligament to the edge of the maxilla; behind this outer visible series lie numerous other parallel series of young teeth hidden in the gum, which succeed the former as they become worn out or broken.Lower jaw with a series of widely set conical teeth.Eyes of moderate size.Two dorsal fins, the anterior with 6 (5 or 7) flexible spines ; caudal quite free ; ventrals united into a short cupshaped disk.Gill-openings of moderate width ; 4 branchiostegals ; no air-bladder, Pseudobranchie a slit behind the fourth gill.This genus, confined to fresh waters near the sea, is found throughout the Torrid Zone.Synopsis of Species, I, Anterior mandibular teeth not larger than the ' following.A. Teeth in the upper jaw long, slender, and bent inwards at, or nearly at, right angles.a, Almost entirely hidden by the gum, dorsal spines produced into long ribands ............ 1. S. plumieri, &, Cut the gum.a. Maxilla does not extend to the vertical from the posterior margin of the eye; dorsal spines produced into long narrow ribands 2, 8. antillarum, f.Maxilla extends behind the vertical from the posterior margin of the eye; dorsal spines produced into short filaments ...... 3. 8. brevifile.B. Teeth in the upper jaw curved, tricuspid, trident-shaped, the middle cusp, which is suspended at the anterior extremity of the tooth, being very short, soon becomes worn away.a. Neck and belly naked .1.......ccccceese eee eseceees .4, 8. gymnogaster, b, Neck and belly covered with small scales ...... 5, S. salvini.C. Teeth in the upper jaw curved, tricuspid, trident-shaped, all the lobes being of nearly equal length and strength.a, Head as broad as high; neck naked, uniform blackish, each scale with an oblong black spot, PGs.Ae ihe acdeee Efe ke dees 6 6.Height of the head two thirds of the width; scales on the neck and belly as large as the rest, uniform blackish ; caudal white-edged. 1 1 .D. Ge Be oe ceneansnrasereeh cone Scnsotenturitns 7. 8. laticeps*, S. acutipinne, * Specimens in which the teeth haye not been examined, 1884.