Artigo Revisado por pares

The Visual Economy of Andean Childhood Poverty: Interpreting Postcards in Cusco, Peru

2011; Wiley; Volume: 16; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/j.1935-4940.2011.01127.x

ISSN

1935-4940

Autores

Aviva Sinervo, Michael D. Hill,

Tópico(s)

Geographies of human-animal interactions

Resumo

Este artículo examina la producción, circulación y consumo de tarjetas postales con representaciones de "niños andinos pobres" en mercados turísticos de Cusco, Perú. Se sostiene que una serie de actores que participan en esta cadena de productos—que incluye a los productores de las imágenes, turistas y consumidores locales, niños vendedores y coordinadores de voluntarios—están involucrados en la negociación de significados sobre la niñez y la pobreza. Sobre la base de trabajo de campo etnográfico y entrevistas, hacemos hincapié en que, aun cuando las condiciones político-económicas y las desigualdades estructurales permiten la reificación de imágenes de maneras estereotipadas, es importante prestar atención a las formas en las que, de manera creativa, productores, vendedores y consumidores se apropian de ideologías, se resisten a ellas y las adaptan, a través de sus interacciones unos con otros y con las imágenes mismas. Es en la circulación de ideologías y la flexibilidad de la práctica que la gente re-crea continuamente el discurso y la representación social, y las transacciones relacionadas con estas imágenes en el mercado turístico andino pueden determinar no sólo lecturas de imágenes y perspectivas sobre la pobreza infantil sino también medios económicos de subsistencia. This article examines the production, circulation, and consumption of postcards featuring depictions of "poor Andean children" in tourist markets in Cusco, Peru. We argue that a range of actors participating in this commodity chain—including image producers, tourist and local consumers, child vendors, and volunteer coordinators—are involved in negotiating meanings of childhood and poverty. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews, we emphasize that even as political and economic conditions and structural inequalities allow for the reification of images in stereotypical ways, it is important to pay attention to how producers, vendors, and consumers creatively appropriate, resist, and rework ideologies through their interactions with each other and with the images themselves. It is in the circulation of ideology and flexibility of practice that people perennially re-create social discourse and representation, and transactions involving these images in the Andean tourist market can shape not just readings of images and perspectives about childhood poverty, but economic livelihoods as well. Photo S1. "Niña campesina," by Walter Meekes. Photo S2. "3 Perú," by Walter Meekes. Photo S3. "Niños bajo la lluvia" (children underneath the rain), by Gerard Rio. Photo S4. "Niña abandonada en la cumbre" (girl abandoned on the hill), by Gerard Rio. Photo S5. "!Sonrisa de un cholito cusqueño!/Smile of a beautiful kid in Cusco!" by Behrooz Ghassemi. Photo S6. "Niños curiosos" (curious children), by Gerard Rio. Photo S7. "!Una linda cholita ayacuchana en el mercado! A beautiful ayachuchan girl in the market," by Behrooz Ghassemi. Photo S8. "Una familia humilde campesina, a la vez chambeando en la industria del turismo! A humble peasant family whom [sic] also work in the tourist industry," by Behrooz Ghassemi. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.

Referência(s)