Tree Regeneration and Understory Woody Plants Show Diverse Responses to Forest-Pasture Edges in Costa Rica
2011; Wiley; Volume: 43; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1111/j.1744-7429.2011.00750.x
ISSN1744-7429
AutoresClaudia Bouroncle, Bryan Finegan,
Tópico(s)Forest ecology and management
ResumoBiotropicaVolume 43, Issue 5 p. 562-571 Tree Regeneration and Understory Woody Plants Show Diverse Responses to Forest–Pasture Edges in Costa Rica Claudia Bouroncle, Claudia Bouroncle Development Practice Programme, Tropical Agricultural Centre for Research and Higher Education (CATIE), 7170 Cartago, Turrialba 30501, Costa RicaSearch for more papers by this authorBryan Finegan, Bryan Finegan Production and Conservation in Forests Programme, Tropical Agricultural Centre for Research and Higher Education (CATIE), 7170 Cartago, Turrialba 30501, Costa Rica 1Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Claudia Bouroncle, Claudia Bouroncle Development Practice Programme, Tropical Agricultural Centre for Research and Higher Education (CATIE), 7170 Cartago, Turrialba 30501, Costa RicaSearch for more papers by this authorBryan Finegan, Bryan Finegan Production and Conservation in Forests Programme, Tropical Agricultural Centre for Research and Higher Education (CATIE), 7170 Cartago, Turrialba 30501, Costa Rica 1Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 15 February 2011 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2011.00750.xCitations: 12 Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstracten ABSTRACT Edge effects along tropical forest–pasture margins are thought to cause a shift toward early successional characteristics of the understory forest vegetation. We tested this idea by sampling vegetation at five forest sites in northeast Costa Rica each of which had edges that were established over 20 yr earlier. Four of these sites had been selectively logged. We sampled woody plants >0.2 and ≤1.3 m height in 54 m2 within 0.2 ha plots at edges (N=14), and at 150 m (N=11) and 300 m from edges (N=9). Composition and diversity did not vary with edge distance. Abundance of tree regeneration, mainly of canopy and emergent species, increased at edges. Abundance of lianas and slow-growing tree species did not differ significantly across the sampling locations. Weighted mean wood density varied little, with a reduction at edges for canopy species. Palms were less abundant at edges, but not less species rich. At edges, these plant assemblages maintain many of the characteristics of forest interior vegetation, though the changes observed may indicate ongoing functional change. Degradation of forest–pasture edges is not a universal feature of tropical forest fragmentation, and forests with high rates of natural turnover might have a high capacity to maintain themselves within forest edges alongside pasture. RESUMENes Son escasos los estudios de los efectos de borde sobre el sotobosque de los bosques húmedos tropicales - un conjunto de individuos juveniles de árboles, palmas y lianas, así como de individuos adultos de especies como palmas enanas -. ¿Tienden siempre los bordes de los bosques que limitan con pasturas a adquirir características de sucesión temprana, como algunas veces se tiende a generalizar? En cinco bosques del noroeste de Costa Rica que limitan desde hace 20 años o más con pasturas - cuatro con extracción selectiva de madera - se registraron todos los individuos de plantas leñosas con altura > 0.2 m y ≤ 1.3 m, en sub-parcelas de 54 m2 dentro de parcelas de 0.2 ha, en los bordes (n = 14) y a 150 m (n = 11) y 300 m (n = 9) de ellos. La composición y la diversidad no variaron en función a la distancia a los bordes. La abundancia de la regeneración arbórea, principalmente la de las especies emergentes y de dosel, fue mayor en los bordes pero no así la de las lianas, y la de las especies arbóreas de crecimiento lento no disminuyó. La media ponderada de la densidad de la madera de la comunidad varió poco, a pesar de que la de los árboles de dosel fue menor en los bordes. La abundancia de las palmas disminuyó en los bordes, más no su riqueza específica. Las covariables relacionadas a la extracción de madera no afectaron los resultados. Esta vegetación mantiene en los bordes muchas características de la del interior de bosque, aunque las variaciones observadas pueden indicar importantes cambios funcionales en curso. La degradación de los bordes bosque-pasturas no es un rasgo universal de la fragmentación del bosque tropical, y los bosques con tasas altas de recambio natural pueden tener una alta capacidad inherente para mantener sus bordes aún ante usos hostiles de la tierra. Palabras clave: bosque húmedo tropical, densidad de la madera, fragmentación del bosque, media ponderada de la comunidad, sotobosque. Supporting Information TABLE S1. Means±1 SE of species richness (S) and diversity indexes of individuals with height >20 cm y≤130 cm in 54 m2 at different distances from the forest–pasture edge. FIGURE S1. Location of the five study sites in northeastern Costa Rica (red outline), showing forest cover for the year 2000 (solid green) and areas under strict protection (grey outline) (ITCR 2004). FIGURE S2. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination of species composition of individuals with height>20 cm and≤130 in the 34 sample plots. Please note: Wiley-Blackwell is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. Filename Description BTP_750_sm_fig-s1.eps264.2 KB Supporting info item BTP_750_sm_fig-s2.tif19.7 KB Supporting info item BTP_750_sm_table-s1.doc90.9 KB Supporting info item Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. LITERATURE CITED Arroyo-Rodriguez, V., A. Aguirre, J. Benítez-Malvido, and S. Mandujano. 2007. 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