Determinants of the Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index Regression Line
2009; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 53; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.130591
ISSN1524-4563
AutoresGiuseppe Schillaci, Giacomo Pucci, Massimo R. Mannarino, Matteo Pirro, Gianfranco Parati,
Tópico(s)Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
ResumoHomeHypertensionVol. 53, No. 5Determinants of the Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index Regression Line Free AccessLetterPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toFree AccessLetterPDF/EPUBDeterminants of the Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index Regression Line Giuseppe Schillaci, Giacomo Pucci, Massimo R. Mannarino and Matteo Pirro Gianfranco Parati Giuseppe SchillaciGiuseppe Schillaci Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Arteriosclerosis, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy , Giacomo PucciGiacomo Pucci Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Arteriosclerosis, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy , Massimo R. MannarinoMassimo R. Mannarino Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Arteriosclerosis, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy and Matteo PirroMatteo Pirro Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Arteriosclerosis, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy Gianfranco ParatiGianfranco Parati Department of Clinical Medicine and Prevention, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy, Department of Cardiology, San Luca Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy Originally published6 Apr 2009https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.130591Hypertension. 2009;53:e33Other version(s) of this articleYou are viewing the most recent version of this article. Previous versions: April 6, 2009: Previous Version 1 To the Editor:Ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) has been proposed as an index of arterial stiffness that can be obtained from 24-hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring without the need for dedicated equipment and personnel.1 A recent article by Adiyaman et al2 extends our understanding of AASI by demonstrating that the fit of the regression line of diastolic on systolic BP in individual 24-hour BP recordings (expressed by the coefficient of determination, or r2) has an effect on the relation of AASI with its main clinical and demographic correlates. In a large database, the correlation coefficients of AASI with age, height, 24-hour mean arterial pressure, and 24-hour heart rate were stronger in the subjects with higher coefficients of determination. The authors suggest that AASI might be more meaningful in the subjects with a stronger relation between 24-hour diastolic and systolic BPs and suggest a limitation on future sensitivity analyses to the subjects with an r2 value of >0.36.The question of whether the fit of the regression line of diastolic on systolic BP influences the clinical significance of AASI is of considerable clinical relevance.1 However, in our view, a more basic question should also be addressed: why does the fit of the regression line vary among the different subjects? It has been observed3–5 that the strength of the relation between diastolic and systolic BPs might depend in a substantial way on the degree of nocturnal diastolic BP reduction. In other words, subjects with a low coefficient of determination also tend to have a low nocturnal diastolic BP reduction. Of note, this relation is stronger with diastolic than with systolic BP reduction, because diastolic BP is the dependent variable in the regression model used to calculate AASI.The suggestion by Adiyaman et al2 to restrict in future sensitivity analyses the use of AASI to those subjects with a higher goodness of fit of the AASI regression line may improve the yield of AASI as a tool for risk stratification in hypertension but has 2 main limitations. First, it would exclude a large subgroup of subjects; second, more importantly, the excluded subjects will mostly have a reduced nocturnal diastolic BP fall (nondippers by diastolic BP). This, in a clinical study, would mean excluding from this interesting analysis those subjects potentially at higher risk. Excluding nondippers circumvents, but does not solve, the problem of the spurious association between AASI and nocturnal diastolic BP reduction.3 The above association was confirmed by Adiyaman et al2 in their large database, although it was not uniformly significant in each of the 4 quartiles of the r2 distribution. This should not come as a surprise, however, given that splitting the study population into quartiles of r2 reduces to a great extent the variability of nocturnal diastolic BP reduction, which is the strongest determinant of r2.3–5The modified AASI based on a symmetrical regression, as suggested by Gavish et al,4 could be helpful in this regard, by providing an estimate of AASI, which is less affected by the nocturnal BP fall and by the goodness of fit of the regression slope.DisclosuresNone.1 Dolan E, Thijs L, Li Y, Atkins N, McCormack P, McClory S, O'Brien E, Staessen JA, Stanton AV. Ambulatory arterial stiffness index as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in the Dublin Outcome Study. Hypertension. 2006; 47: 365–370.LinkGoogle Scholar2 Adiyaman A, Dechering DG, Boggia J, Li Y, Hansen TW, Kikuya M, Björklund-Bodegård K, Richart T, Thijs L, Torp-Pedersen C, Ohkubo T, Dolan E, Imai Y, Sandoya E, Ibsen H, Wang J, Lind L, O'Brien E, Thien T, Staessen JA; International Database on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes Investigators. Determinants of the ambulatory arterial stiffness index in 7604 subjects from 6 populations. Hypertension. 2008; 52: 1038–1044.LinkGoogle Scholar3 Schillaci G, Parati G, Pirro M, Pucci G, Mannarino MR, Sperandini L, Mannarino E. Ambulatory arterial stiffness index is not a specific marker of reduced arterial compliance. Hypertension. 2007; 49: 986–991.LinkGoogle Scholar4 Gavish B, Ben-Dov IZ, Bursztyn M. The linear relationship between systolic and diastolic blood pressure monitored over 24 hours: assessment and correlates. J Hypertens. 2008; 26: 199–209.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5 Schillaci G, Parati G. Ambulatory arterial stiffness index: merits and limitations of a simple surrogate measure of arterial compliance. J Hypertens. 2008; 26: 182–185.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By Jia C, Yang Y, Zhang X, Chen J, Chen H, Wu W, Cheng H and Xue J (2018) Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels: Related to Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index in Hypertensive Seniors, International Journal of Gerontology, 10.1016/j.ijge.2018.02.016, 12:2, (84-88), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2018. Dégi A, Kerti A, Cseprekál O, Kis É, Sallay P, Szabó A and Reusz G (2013) Ambulatory arterial stiffness index in children after kidney transplantation, Pediatric Transplantation, 10.1111/petr.12123, (n/a-n/a), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2013. Laugesen E, Rossen N, Poulsen P, Hansen K, Ebbehøj E and Knudsen S (2011) Pulse pressure and systolic night–day ratio interact in prediction of macrovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, Journal of Human Hypertension, 10.1038/jhh.2011.9, 26:3, (164-170), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2012. Adiyaman A, Dechering D, Thien T, Boggia J, Li Y, Wang J, Hansen T, O'Brien E, Richart T, Thijs L and Staessen J (2009) Response to Determinants of the Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index Regression Line, Hypertension, 53:5, (e34-e34), Online publication date: 1-May-2009. May 2009Vol 53, Issue 5 Advertisement Article InformationMetrics https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.130591PMID: 19349553 Originally publishedApril 6, 2009 PDF download Advertisement SubjectsAtherosclerosisClinical StudiesDiagnostic Testing
Referência(s)