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Circumstantial Evidence for a Soft Nuclear Symmetry Energy at Suprasaturation Densities

2009; American Physical Society; Volume: 102; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1103/physrevlett.102.062502

1092-0145

Z. G. Xiao, Bao-An Li, Lie-Wen Chen, Gao-Chan Yong, Ming Zhang,

Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions

Within an isospin- and momentum-dependent hadronic transport model, it is shown that the recent FOPI data on the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}/{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ ratio in central heavy-ion collisions at SIS/GSI energies [Willy Reisdorf et al., Nucl. Phys. A 781, 459 (2007)] provide circumstantial evidence suggesting a rather soft nuclear symmetry energy ${E}_{\mathrm{sym}}(\ensuremath{\rho})$ at $\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\ge}2{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}$ compared to the Akmal-Pandharipande-Ravenhall prediction. Some astrophysical implications and the need for further experimental confirmations are discussed.