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The Genome of the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

2006; American Association for the Advancement of Science; Volume: 314; Issue: 5801 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1126/science.1133609

1095-9203

Erica Sodergren, George M. Weinstock, Eric H. Davidson, R. Andrew Cameron, Richard A. Gibbs, Robert C. Angerer, Lynne M. Angerer, Maria Ina Arnone, David R. Burgess, Robert D. Burke, James A. Coffman, Michael Dean, Maurice R. Elphick, Charles A. Ettensohn, Kathy R. Foltz, Amro Hamdoun, Richard O. Hynes, William H. Klein, William F. Marzluff, David R. McClay, Robert L. Morris, Arcady Mushegian, Jonathan P. Rast, L. Courtney Smith, Michael C. Thorndyke, Victor D. Vacquier, Gary M. Wessel, Greg Wray, Lan Zhang, Christine G. Elsik, Olga Ermolaeva, Wratko Hlavina, Gretchen E. Hofmann, Paul Kitts, Melissa Landrum, Aaron J. Mackey, Donna Maglott, G. V. Panopoulou, Albert J. Poustka, Kim D. Pruitt, Victor Sapojnikov, Xingzhi Song, Alexandre Souvorov, Victor Solovyev, Wei Zheng, Charles A. Whittaker, Kim C. Worley, K. James Durbin, Yufeng Shen, Olivier Fédrigo, David Garfield, Ralph Haygood, Alexander Primus, Rahul Satija, Tonya F. Severson, Manuel L. Gonzalez‐Garay, Andrew R. Jackson, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, Mark Tong, Christopher E. Killian, Brian T. Livingston, Fred H. Wilt, Nikki Adams, Robert Bellé, Seth Carbonneau, Rocky Cheung, Patrick Cormier, Bertrand Cosson, Jenifer C. Croce, Antonio Fernàndez-Guerra, Anne-Marie Genevière, Manisha Goel, Hemant Kelkar, Julia Morales, Odile Mulner‐Lorillon, A Robertson, Jared V. Goldstone, Bryan J. Cole, David Epel, Bert Gold, Mark E. Hahn, Meredith Ashby, Mark Scally, John J. Stegeman, Erin L. Allgood, Jonah Cool, Kyle M. Judkins, S. Shawn McCafferty, Ashlan M. Musante, Robert A. Obar, Amanda P. Rawson, Blair J. Rossetti, I. R. Gibbons, Matthew P. Hoffman, Andrew Leone, Sorin Istrail, Stefan C. Materna, Manoj P. Samanta, Viktor Štolc, Waraporn Tongprasit, Qiang Tu, Karl‐F. Bergeron, Bruce P. Brandhorst, James R. Whittle, Kevin Berney, David J. Bottjer, Cristina Calestani, Kevin J. Peterson, Elly Suk Hen Chow, Qiu Autumn Yuan, Eran Elhaik, Dan Graur, Justin Reese, Ian Bosdet, Heesun Shin, Marco A. Marra, Jacqueline E. Schein, Michele K. Anderson, Virginia Brockton, Katherine M. Buckley, Avis H. Cohen, Sebastian D. Fugmann, Taku Hibino, Mariano Loza‐Coll, Audrey J. Majeske, Cynthia Messier, Sham V. Nair, Zeev Pancer, David P. Terwilliger, Cavit Ağca, Enrique Arboleda, Nansheng Chen, Allison M. Churcher, F. Hallböök, Glen Humphrey, Mohammed M. Idris, Takae Kiyama, Shuguang Liang, Dan O Mellott, Xiuqian Mu, Greg Murray, Robert P. Olinski, Florian Raible, Matthew L. Rowe, John S. Taylor, Kristin Tessmar‐Raible, D. Wang, Karen Wilson, Shunsuke Yaguchi, Terry Gaasterland, Blanca E. Galindo, Herath Jayantha Gunaratne, Celina E. Juliano, Masashi Kinukawa, Gary W. Moy, Anna T. Neill, Mamoru Nomura, Michael Raisch, Anna Reade, Michelle M. Roux, Jia L. Song, Yi‐Hsien Su, Ian K. Townley, Ekaterina Voronina, Julian L. Wong, Gabriele Amore, Margherita Branno, Euan R. Brown, Vincenzo Cavalieri, Véronique Duboc, Louise Duloquin, Constantin N. Flytzanis, Christian Gache, François Lapraz, Thierry Lepage, Annamaria Locascio, Pedro Martı́nez, Giorgio Matassi, Valeria Matranga, Ryan Range, Francesca Rizzo, Eric Röttinger, Wendy S. Beane, Cynthia A. Bradham, Christine A. Byrum, Tom Glenn, Sofia Hussain, Gerard Manning, Esther Miranda, Rebecca T. Thomason, Katherine D. Walton, Athula Wikramanayke, Shu-Yu Wu, Ronghui Xu, C. Titus Brown, Li-Li Chen, Rachel F. Gray, Pei Yun Lee, Jongmin Nam, Paola Oliveri, Joel Smith, Donna M. Muzny, Stephanie Bell, Joseph Chacko, Andrew Cree, Stacey Curry, Clay Davis, Huyen Dinh, Shannon Dugan-Rocha, Jerry Fowler, Rachel Gill, Cerrissa Hamilton, Judith Hernandez, Sandra Hines, Jennifer Hume, LaRonda Jackson, Angela Jolivet, Christie Kovar, Charles Lee, Lora Lewis, George Miner, Margaret Morgan, Lynne V. Nazareth, Geoffrey Okwuonu, David L. Parker, Ling-Ling Pu, R. Greg Thorn, Rita Wright,

Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses

We report the sequence and analysis of the 814-megabase genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus , a model for developmental and systems biology. The sequencing strategy combined whole-genome shotgun and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences. This use of BAC clones, aided by a pooling strategy, overcame difficulties associated with high heterozygosity of the genome. The genome encodes about 23,300 genes, including many previously thought to be vertebrate innovations or known only outside the deuterostomes. This echinoderm genome provides an evolutionary outgroup for the chordates and yields insights into the evolution of deuterostomes.