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The Role of Vitamin D in Cancer Prevention

2005; American Public Health Association; Volume: 96; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.2105/ajph.2004.045260

1541-0048

Cedric F. Garland, Frank C. Garland, Edward D. Gorham, Martin Lipkin, Harold L. Newmark, Sharif B. Mohr, Michael F. Holick,

Cancer Risks and Factors

Vitamin D status differs by latitude and race, with residents of the northeastern United States and individuals with more skin pigmentation being at increased risk of deficiency. A PubMed database search yielded 63 observational studies of vitamin D status in relation to cancer risk, including 30 of colon, 13 of breast, 26 of prostate, and 7 of ovarian cancer, and several that assessed the association of vitamin D receptor genotype with cancer risk. The majority of studies found a protective relationship between sufficient vitamin D status and lower risk of cancer. The evidence suggests that efforts to improve vitamin D status, for example by vitamin D supplementation, could reduce cancer incidence and mortality at low cost, with few or no adverse effects.