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Intrusions in story recall: When over-learned information interferes with episodic memory recall. Evidence from Alzheimer's disease

2007; Elsevier BV; Volume: 44; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.cortex.2006.08.001

1973-8102

Francesca De Anna, Eve Attali, Laurence Freynet, Lucie Foubert, Aurore Laurent, Bruno Dubois, Gianfranco Dalla Barba,

Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) suffer from distortions of memory. Among such distortions, intrusions in memory tests are frequently observed. In this study we describe the performance of a group of mild AD patients and a group of normal controls on the recall of three different types of stories: a previously unknown story, a well-known fairy-tale (Cinderella), and a modified well-known fairy-tale (Little Red Riding Hood is not eaten by the wolf). The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that in patients who tend to produce intrusions, over-learned information interferes with episodic recall, i.e., the retrieval of specific, unique past episodes. AD patients produced significantly more intrusions in the recall of the modified fairy-tale compared to the recall of the two other stories. Intrusions in the recall of the modified fairy-tale always consisted of elements of the original version of the story. We suggest that in AD patients intrusions may be traced back to the interference of strongly represented, over-learned information in episodic memory recall.