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Oxidation of cellular amino acid pools leads to cytotoxic mistranslation of the genetic code

2014; eLife Sciences Publications Ltd; Volume: 3; Linguagem: Inglês

10.7554/elife.02501

2050-084X

Tammy J. Bullwinkle, Noah M. Reynolds, Medha Raina, Adil Moghal, Eleftheria Matsa, Andrei Rajkovic, Hüseyin Kayadibi, Farbod Fazlollahi, C.A. Ryan, Nathaniel Howitz, Kym F. Faull, Beth Lazazzera, Michael Ibba,

CRISPR and Genetic Engineering

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases use a variety of mechanisms to ensure fidelity of the genetic code and ultimately select the correct amino acids to be used in protein synthesis. The physiological necessity of these quality control mechanisms in different environments remains unclear, as the cost vs benefit of accurate protein synthesis is difficult to predict. We show that in Escherichia coli, a non-coded amino acid produced through oxidative damage is a significant threat to the accuracy of protein synthesis and must be cleared by phenylalanine-tRNA synthetase in order to prevent cellular toxicity caused by mis-synthesized proteins. These findings demonstrate how stress can lead to the accumulation of non-canonical amino acids that must be excluded from the proteome in order to maintain cellular viability.