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Cohesin and CTCF differentially affect chromatin architecture and gene expression in human cells

2013; National Academy of Sciences; Volume: 111; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1073/pnas.1317788111

1091-6490

Jessica Zuin, Jesse R. Dixon, Michael I. J. A. van der Reijden, Zhen Ye, Petros Kolovos, Rutger W. W. Brouwer, Mariëtte P.C. van de Corput, Harmen J.G. van de Werken, Tobias Knoch, Wilfred F. J. van IJcken, Frank Grosveld, Bing Ren, Kerstin S. Wendt,

RNA Research and Splicing

Significance For the 2m DNA to fit into the tiny cell nucleus, it is wrapped around nucleosomes and folded into loops clustering together in domains. Genome function depends on this 3D-organization, especially on-going dynamic processes like transcription. Techniques studying the network of DNA contacts genome-wide have recently revealed this 3D architecture, but the protein factors behind this are not understood. We study two proteins that are known to help form DNA loops: cohesin and CTCC-binding factor (CTCF). Respective depletion and analysis of DNA contacts genome-wide show that CTCF is required to separate neighboring folding domains and keep cohesin in place, whereas cohesin is important for shaping the domains. Consistently, we observe different changes of gene expression.