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Long-Term IgG Response to Porcine Neu5Gc Antigens without Transmission of PERV in Burn Patients Treated with Porcine Skin Xenografts

2013; American Association of Immunologists; Volume: 191; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.4049/jimmunol.1301195

1550-6606

Linda Scobie, Vered Padler‐Karavani, Stéphanie Le Bas‐Bernardet, Claire Crossan, Josef Bláha, Magda Matoušková, Ralph D. Hector, Emanuele Cozzi, Bernard Vanhove, Béatrice Charreau, Gilles Blancho, L. Bourdais, Mariachiara Tallacchini, Juan M. Ribes, Hai Yu, Xi Chen, Jitka Kracikova, L Brož, Jiřı́ Hejnar, Pavel Veselý, Yasuhiro Takeuchi, Ajit Varki, Jean-Paul Soulillou,

Virus-based gene therapy research

Acellular materials of xenogenic origin are used worldwide as xenografts, and phase I trials of viable pig pancreatic islets are currently being performed. However, limited information is available on transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) after xenotransplantation and on the long-term immune response of recipients to xenoantigens. We analyzed the blood of burn patients who had received living pig-skin dressings for up to 8 wk for the presence of PERV as well as for the level and nature of their long term (maximum, 34 y) immune response against pig Ags. Although no evidence of PERV genomic material or anti-PERV Ab response was found, we observed a moderate increase in anti-αGal Abs and a high and sustained anti-non-αGal IgG response in those patients. Abs against the nonhuman sialic acid Neu5Gc constituted the anti-non-αGal response with the recognition pattern on a sialoglycan array differing from that of burn patients treated without pig skin. These data suggest that anti-Neu5Gc Abs represent a barrier for long-term acceptance of porcine xenografts. Because anti-Neu5Gc Abs can promote chronic inflammation, the long-term safety of living and acellular pig tissue implants in recipients warrants further evaluation.