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Use of low-fat milk by children in the New York State WIC varies with parental characteristics

2001; Elsevier BV; Volume: 101; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s0002-8223(01)00119-5

1878-3570

Barbara A. Dennison, Helen L. Rockwell, Melissa J. Nichols,

Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling

Many public health nutrition experts recommend reducing dietary total fat and saturated fat to decrease risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer ( (1) National Cholesterol Education ProgramReport of the Expert Panel on Blood Cholesterol Levels in Children and Adolescents. US Dept of Health and Human Services Public Health Service, Bethesda, Md1991 Google Scholar , (2) Healthy People 2000. Dept of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC1990 Google Scholar ). Because dietary habits and preferences for high-fat foods develop during childhood ( (3) Birch L.L Children’s preferences for high-fat foods. Nutr Rev. 1992; 50: 249-255 Crossref PubMed Scopus (166) Google Scholar , (4) Shea S Basch C.E Stein A.D Contento I.R Irigoyen M Zybert P Is there a relationship between dietary fat and stature or growth in children three to five years of age?. Pediatrics. 1993; 92: 579-586 PubMed Google Scholar ) and the earliest stages of atherosclerosis appear in youth ( (5) Strong J.P Malcom G.T McMahan C.A Tracey R.E Newman WP I.I.I Herderick E.E Cornhill J.F Prevalence and extent of atherosclerosis in adolescents and young adults implications for prevention from the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study (PDAY). JAMA. 1999; 281: 727-735 Crossref PubMed Scopus (773) Google Scholar ), strategies to lower total fat and saturated fat in diets should begin during childhood ( (6) Dwyer J Should dietary fat recommendations for children be changed?. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000; 100: 36-37 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (9) Google Scholar , (7) Lytle L.A In defense of a low-fat diet for healthy children. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000; 100: 39-40 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar , (8) Van Horn L Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease starts in childhood. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000; 100: 41-42 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (9) Google Scholar ). Although some argue that fat should not be restricted in children’s diets ( (9) Olson R.E Is it wise to restrict fat in the diets of children?. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000; 100: 28-29 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (26) Google Scholar ), major studies have reported no adverse effects on child stature, growth, development, or psychological functioning based on total fat or saturated fat intakes ( (4) Shea S Basch C.E Stein A.D Contento I.R Irigoyen M Zybert P Is there a relationship between dietary fat and stature or growth in children three to five years of age?. Pediatrics. 1993; 92: 579-586 PubMed Google Scholar , (10) Obarzanek E Hunsberger S.A Van Horn L Hartmuller V.V Barton B.A Stevens V.J Kwiterovich P.O Franklin F.A Kimm S.Y.S Lasser N.L Simons-Morton D.G Lauer R.M Safety of a fat-reduced diet the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC). Pediatrics. 1997; 100: 51-59 Crossref PubMed Scopus (108) Google Scholar , (11) Niinikoski H Viikari J Ronnemaa T Helenius H Jokinen E Lapinleimu H Routi T Lagstrom H Seppahen R Valimaki J Simell O Regulation of growth of 7- to 36-month-old children by energy and fat intake in prospective, randomized STRIP Baby Trial. Pediatrics. 1997; 100: 810-816 Crossref PubMed Scopus (60) Google Scholar , (12) Langstrom H Sepponen R Jokinen E Winikoski H Ronnemaa T Viikari J Simell O Influence of dietary fat on the nutrient intake and growth of children from 1 to 5 years of age the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP). Am J Clin Nutr. 1999; 69: 516-523 PubMed Google Scholar , (13) Lavigne J.V Gidding S Stevens V.J Ewart C Brown K.M Evans M VonAlman T.K Weil C A cholesterol-lowering diet does not produce adverse psychological affects in children three-year results from the dietary intervention study in children. Health Psychol. 1999; 18: 604-613 Crossref PubMed Scopus (19) Google Scholar ). This study was supported, in part, by an Established Investigator Award to Dr. Dennison from the American Heart Association (96-40256N).