Catecholamine-Induced Myocarditis in Pheochromocytoma
2014; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 129; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1161/circulationaha.113.002762
ISSN1524-4539
AutoresValeria de Miguel, Aníbal Arias, Andrea Paissan, Diego Pérez de Arenaza, Marcelo Pietrani, Alberto Jurado, Ana Jaén, Patricia Day,
Tópico(s)Drug-Induced Ocular Toxicity
ResumoHomeCirculationVol. 129, No. 12Catecholamine-Induced Myocarditis in Pheochromocytoma Free AccessResearch ArticlePDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissionsDownload Articles + Supplements ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toSupplementary MaterialsFree AccessResearch ArticlePDF/EPUBCatecholamine-Induced Myocarditis in Pheochromocytoma Valeria de Miguel, MD, Aníbal Arias, MD, Andrea Paissan, MD, Diego Pérez de Arenaza, MD, Marcelo Pietrani, MD, Alberto Jurado, MD, Ana Jaén, MD and Patricia Fainstein Day, MD Valeria de MiguelValeria de Miguel From the Endocrinology (V.d.M., A.P., P.F.D.), Cardiology (A.A., D.P.d.A.), Radiology (M.P.), Urology (A.Jurado), and Pathology (A. Jaén) Units, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. , Aníbal AriasAníbal Arias From the Endocrinology (V.d.M., A.P., P.F.D.), Cardiology (A.A., D.P.d.A.), Radiology (M.P.), Urology (A.Jurado), and Pathology (A. Jaén) Units, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. , Andrea PaissanAndrea Paissan From the Endocrinology (V.d.M., A.P., P.F.D.), Cardiology (A.A., D.P.d.A.), Radiology (M.P.), Urology (A.Jurado), and Pathology (A. Jaén) Units, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. , Diego Pérez de ArenazaDiego Pérez de Arenaza From the Endocrinology (V.d.M., A.P., P.F.D.), Cardiology (A.A., D.P.d.A.), Radiology (M.P.), Urology (A.Jurado), and Pathology (A. Jaén) Units, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. , Marcelo PietraniMarcelo Pietrani From the Endocrinology (V.d.M., A.P., P.F.D.), Cardiology (A.A., D.P.d.A.), Radiology (M.P.), Urology (A.Jurado), and Pathology (A. Jaén) Units, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. , Alberto JuradoAlberto Jurado From the Endocrinology (V.d.M., A.P., P.F.D.), Cardiology (A.A., D.P.d.A.), Radiology (M.P.), Urology (A.Jurado), and Pathology (A. Jaén) Units, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. , Ana JaénAna Jaén From the Endocrinology (V.d.M., A.P., P.F.D.), Cardiology (A.A., D.P.d.A.), Radiology (M.P.), Urology (A.Jurado), and Pathology (A. Jaén) Units, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. and Patricia Fainstein DayPatricia Fainstein Day From the Endocrinology (V.d.M., A.P., P.F.D.), Cardiology (A.A., D.P.d.A.), Radiology (M.P.), Urology (A.Jurado), and Pathology (A. Jaén) Units, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Originally published25 Mar 2014https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002762Circulation. 2014;129:1348–1349IntroductionA 25-year-old man arrived at the emergency room of his community hospital complaining of abdominal pain, headaches, and palpitations that had appeared suddenly while he was playing soccer. He had no history of hypertension. An abdominal ultrasound revealed a tumor located in the right adrenal gland.He was subsequently transferred to our hospital for further evaluation. On admission, he presented acute pulmonary edema with severe hypertension (blood pressure, 220/120 mm Hg). He was admitted to the coronary care unit. Intravenous vasodilators and loop diuretics were administered, with rapid recovery of clinical status.ECG showed sinus rhythm, a heart rate of 80 bpm, and T-wave inversion in the DI, DII, and AVL leads. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed left ventricular hypertrophy and dilated left atrium. The ejection fraction was preserved. Cardiac biomarkers were as follows: creatine kinase, 1145 UI/L (normal, 38–175 UI/L); creatine kinase-MB, 115.9 UI/L (normal, <20 UI/L); troponin T, 1.38 ng/dL (normal, <0.04 ng/dL); and pro-brain natriuretic peptide, 1900 pg/dL (normal, 1000 μg (normal, 59–394 μg); and normetanephrine, >1000 μg (normal, 128–623 μg). His 24-hour catecholamine levels were as follows: adrenaline, 3.3 μg (normal, 0.5–8.5 μg); and noradrenaline, 520 μg (normal, 18.5–100 μg).An abdominal computed tomographic scan showed a heterogeneous right adrenal mass (Figure 1). Cardiac magnetic resonance showed increased left ventricular wall thickness and diffuse intramyocardial edema with focal midwall late gadolinium enhancement (LGE; Figure 2A through 2C and Movie I in the online-only Data Supplement).Download figureDownload PowerPointFigure 1. Abdomen computed tomographic scan: 47.5×36.7-mm heterogeneous right adrenal mass.Download figureDownload PowerPointFigure 2. A through C, Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) on presentation. Increased left ventricular wall thickness (A), diffuse myocardial edema on T2-weighted images (B), and focal midwall late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in the inferior medial segment (C). D through F, CMR on recovery. Normal left ventricular wall thickness (D), absence of myocardial edema on T2-weighted images (E), and persistence of focal midwall LGE in the inferior medial segment (F).After 7 days of α- and β-adrenergic receptor blockade, the patient underwent a successful right laparoscopic adrenalectomy. The pathological studies confirmed the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma (Figure 3).Download figureDownload PowerPointFigure 3. A, Tumor (T) and normal adrenal gland (N). B, Tumor cells nests.Four months after surgery, the patient was asymptomatic and normotensive, and his urine catecholamines were within the normal range. Cardiac magnetic resonance depicted normal left ventricular wall thickness and reversal of myocardial edema with persistence of LGE (Figure 2D through 2F and Movie II in the online-only Data Supplement).Catecholamine-induced myocarditis is an infrequent clinical manifestation seen in patients with pheochromocytoma.Catecholamine and their oxidation products may have a toxic effect on the myocardium. Long-term elevation of catecholamines leads to downregulation of β-adrenergic receptors, thereby inducing suboptimal function of myofibers and decreasing the number of contracting units. Contraction band necrosis, neutrophil infiltration, and fibrosis are histological changes that are generally observed.1–3 Cardiac magnetic resonance is a noninvasive technique that enables to assess acute myocarditis. It combines T2- and T1-weighted imaging after contrast highlighting the presence of myocardial inflammation and edema. LGE is a technique that enables identification of myocardial cell injury and focal fibrosis.4The typical pattern in the acute phase of myocarditis induced by pheochromocytoma consists of the presence of diffuse myocardial edema on T2-weighted images and focal midwall LGE. This case shows evidence of acute catecholamine myocarditis with resolution of myocardial edema after adrenalectomy.DisclosuresNone.FootnotesThe online-only Data Supplement is available with this article at http://circ.ahajournals.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002762/-/DC1.Correspondence to Valeria de Miguel, MD, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Endocrinology Unit, Perón 4190, CP: 1180, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail [email protected]References1. Bybee K, Abhiran P. Stress-related cardiomyopathy syndromes.Circulation. 2008; 118:397–409.LinkGoogle Scholar2. Kassim T, Clarke D, May B, Clyde P, Mohamed Shakir K. 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