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Young Swimmers’ Classification Based on Kinematics, Hydrodynamics, and Anthropometrics

2014; International Society of Biomechanics; Volume: 30; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1123/jab.2013-0038

1543-2688

Tiago M. Barbosa, Jorge E. Morais, Mário J. Costa, José Gonçalves, Daniel A. Marinho, António Silva,

Sports injuries and prevention

The aim of this article has been to classify swimmers based on kinematics, hydrodynamics, and anthropometrics. Sixty-seven young swimmers made a maximal 25 m front-crawl to measure with a speedometer the swimming velocity ( v ), speed-fluctuation ( dv ) and dv normalized to v ( dv / v ). Another two 25 m bouts with and without carrying a perturbation device were made to estimate active drag coefficient ( C D a ). Trunk transverse surface area ( S ) was measured with photogrammetric technique on land and in the hydrodynamic position. Cluster 1 was related to swimmers with a high speed fluctuation (ie, dv and dv/v ), cluster 2 with anthropometrics (ie, S ) and cluster 3 with a high hydrodynamic profile (ie, C D a ). The variable that seems to discriminate better the clusters was the dv/v ( F = 53.680; P < .001), followed by the dv ( F = 28.506; P < .001), C D a ( F = 21.025; P < .001), S ( F = 6.297; P < .01) and v ( F = 5.375; P = .01). Stepwise discriminant analysis extracted 2 functions: Function 1 was mainly defined by dv/v and S (74.3% of variance), whereas function 2 was mainly defined by C D a (25.7% of variance). It can be concluded that kinematics, hydrodynamics and anthropometrics are determinant domains in which to classify and characterize young swimmers’ profiles.