La Valle come regione naturale. Genealogia, transformazione, usi di una categoria geografica in Toscana (1750 - 1848)
2012; Società di studi geografici; Volume: 119; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Francês
ISSN
2499-748X
Autores Tópico(s)Mediterranean and Iberian flora and fauna
ResumoEnglishThe valley as natural region. Genealogy, transformations and uses of a geographic category in Tuscan (1750-1848). � This essay rebuilds genealogy and social diffusion of a special type of physical regionalization: the valley. Between the half of the 18th and the first decades of the 19th centuries, the valley in fact is considered by the naturalists, geographers and Tuscan learned as a natural structure ordering the physical and social phenomena. Following Giovanni Targioni Tozzetti (1752), the valley itself is suitable as well for the explanation of the generative dynamics of the earthly surface as in order to identify a geographic principle making sense of spatial discontinuities in human and physical facts. The proliferation of the scientific works referring to valleys at the beginning of the 19th century, such as physical cartography (Bartolomeo Borghi, Giovanni de Baillou), statistics (Attilio Zuccagni Orlandini) and history (Emanuele Repetti), performs a more and more widespread penetration of this pattern throughout society. The agreement between social and natural facts through the valley is mobilized as well by reformers as by provincial elites at the time of the reformations of the administrative systems and territorial units, while consolidating the relevance of this representation of the territory. francaisLa vallee comme region naturelle. Genealogie, transformations et usages d’une categorie geographique en Toscane (1750-1848). – Cet essai reconstruit la genealogie et la diffusion sociale d’un type particulier de regionalisation physique: la vallee. Entre la moitie du XVIIIe et les premieres decennies du XIXe siecle, la vallee est en effet consideree par les naturalistes, geographes et erudits toscans comme une structure naturelle ordonnant les phenomenes physiques et sociaux. Depuis Giovanni Targioni Tozzetti (1752), la vallee se prete aussi bien a l’explication des dynamiques generatives de la surface terrestre qu’a identifier un principe de division geographique mettant en relation les discontinuites spatiales des faits humains et physiques. La multiplication des entreprises scientifiques – dont la cartographie physique (Bartolomeo Borghi, Giovanni de Baillou), un atlas statistique (Attilio Zuccagni Orlandini) et un dictionnaire historique (Emanuele Repetti) – readaptant le schema des vallees opere une dissemination sociale de plus en plus capillaire au debut du XIXe siecle. L’idee d’une concordance entre faits sociaux et faits naturels dans la vallee finit par se trouver mobilisee lors des reformes de la maille administrative aussi bien par les reformateurs que par les notables provinciaux en consolidant en retour la pertinence de cette representation du territoire.
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