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Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2014; Society for Advancement of Science and Rural Development; Volume: 7; Issue: 22 Linguagem: Inglês

0974-8431

R. K. Chaurasia, Ram Bhajan,

Agricultural Practices and Plant Genetics

A study was made to estimate combining ability, heterosis over mid parents (MP) and better parent (BP) with ten diverse parents and their 45 F1s in half diallel mating design in Indian mustard for 13 quantitative and quality traits were made to derive the information on the extent of heterosis over economic parent and relative magnitude of general and specific combining ability effects. The present investigation was comprised of two inter-related experiments which were carried out during 2007–08 and 2008–09 at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. The objectives were to quantify combining ability and heterosis for all 13 quantitative characters including seed yield and oil content in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss). The diallel analysis revealed the importance ofboth additive and nonadditive genetic variance for days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, secondary branches/plant, length of main raceme, and seed yield/plant. The parents PWR9541, PRQ-2005, CS-609-B-10 and SKM-401 exhibited good GCA for seed yield/plant. For oil content PRQ-2005, RGN-142, PRB-2006-12 and Vardan were high GCA parents. The parent PRQ-2005 displayed desirable GCA effects for seven characters including seed yield and oil content. Similarly the strains CS-609-B-10, SKM-401 and PWR-9541 manifested desirable GCA effects for six, five and seven characters including seed yield, respectively. Based on desirable SCA effects, the crosses PRQ-2005 × PAB-9534, PRQ-2006-12 × Kanti, CS-609-B-10 × SKM401, CS-609-B-10 × Kanti, PRB-2006-12 × NDRE-4 and four others were found superior for seed yield/plant. Similarly, the crosses NDRE-4 × PWR-9541, CS-609-B10×Kanti, PRB-2006-12 × NDRE-4 and PRQ-2005 × NDRE-4 for earliness of flowering; and NDRE-4 × Kanti, SKM-401 × PAB-9534, Kanti × Vardan and PRQ-2005 × CS-609-B-10 for earliness of maturity appeared promising. Six crosses namely CS-609-B-10×NDRE-4 (170.50%), PRQ-2005×NDRE-4 (152.84%), RGN-142 × PRB-2006-12 (126.88%), CS-609-B-10 × Kanti (118.53%), PRB-2006-12 × Kanti (117.16%) and PAB9534 × Kanti (104.85%) exhibited high heterobeltiosis. These crosses also manifested significant heterosis over mid parent (MP) and standard variety (SV). Three crosses namely SKM-401×Vardan, PRB-2006-12×Vardan and NDRE-4×PWR-9541 manifested significant albeit low heterosis (upto 3.5% over BP, 3.3% over MP and 5.24% over SV) for oil content.