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The Influence of Meteorological Conditions on Atmospheric Pollution in Georgia

2015; Science Publishing Group; Volume: 4; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.11648/j.ajep.s.2015040301.21

2328-5680

Lamzira Lagidze,

Marine and environmental studies

The atmosphere, which is one of the main components of the environment, undergone significant changes in recent decades as a result of anthropogenic impact. The rapid pace of technological processes will significantly increase the anthropogenic load on the environment, which leads to climate change and influence on mankind and ecosystems. The article deals with the dynamics of the aerosols and harmful substance’s emissions, described by regions and cities of Georgia over the 2001-2010 year period. The dynamics of “Greenhouse Gas” emissions distributed from the transport sector are evaluated separately (apart). By 2010, the industrial emissions of harmful substances, induced by the operating plants, located in Georgia, amounted to 30 134 thous. tons for the year. Among them: the solid pollutants constitute 3 658 thous. tons, the liquids and gases amounted to 26 476 thous. tons. The main polluter regions of Georgia are: Imeretia, Qvemo Qartli, Adjaria and some regions of Shida Qartli. This contributes to 89% of the pollution. The most polluted cities include: Batumi, Tbilisi, Gardabani, Rustavi and Kaspi that contributes to 69% of aerosol emission. The most pollutant sources in Georgia include: transportation (44.4%), agriculture (27.4%), energy sector (24.3%) and industry (3.86%). The influence of meteorological conditions on atmospheric pollution is assessed (both, in warm and cold periods). The correlation exists in meteorological elements and atmospheric pollutant ingredients, also between this ingredient only, that plays an important role in the aerosol accumulation process in the atmosphere. The complex physical-geographical (high mountains, closed valleys, rich water resources) as well as meteorological (synoptic processes, inversion, isothermal) conditions in Georgia facilitate aerosol accumulation in soil, because of which, changes in microclimate are possible.